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              <text>Catherine Franceski</text>
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                <text>Article "The Days of Rats and Curfews"</text>
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                <text>Holmes, Parker</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>This article looks back on the rules for men and women at the University of Richmond during the first half of the 20th century. The men's rules apply to "ratting" or a freshman hazing event in which freshmen "rats are full-time pledges to upperclassmen on campus." Their rules include things such as "freshmen must wear coats and ties to classes" and "freshmen must stand when upperclassmen sit at the dining hall table and and must never sit at the head of the table.&amp;rdquo; The rules for women appear to have been for all years at Westhampton College included things such as &amp;ldquo;women couldn't walk around the lake after dark&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;when going off campus, women could not drive outside a radius of several miles without parental permission.&amp;rdquo; The difference in the rules for men and women underline the paternalistic and patronizing form of sexism on campus in the 1930s and after.</text>
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                <text>"The Days of Rats and Curfews" &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 78, no. 5 (October 10, 1991): 5. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19911010.2.14&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--21--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19911010.2.14&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--21--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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              <text>Gabby Kiser</text>
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                <text>Article "Experiment underway: freshman course could replace Western Civilization with focus on multicultural studies"</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1991-09-05</text>
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                <text>In 1991, the University of Richmond began an “experiment” to observe whether replacing “the required Western Civilization course with a more multicultural course” (titled “Interdisciplinary Core Course: Exploring Human Experience”) would create a better learning experience. This “more multicultural course” was taught by professors from the History, English, Anthropology, and Music departments including history professor David Evans, English professors Louis Tremaine and Terryl Givens, and classics professor Dean Simpson. “About a third of the readings” were from Japan and China, and African and Middle Eastern texts would be incorporated in the following years. The course received a $120,000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities, and a trip for the professors to visit China was funded by a Andrew W. Mellon Foundation grant. The introduction of the course met some backlash for being “politically correct and trying to destroy Western Civilization,” but Evans defended it by claiming “We have dead white men on the syllabus.”</text>
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                <text>Holmes, Parker. "Experiment Underway: Freshman Course Could Replace Western Civilization with Focus on Multicultural Studies.” &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 78, no. 1, (September 5, 1991): 3, 6. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19910905.2.19&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19910905.2.19&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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