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28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA 23173</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/transcripts/HarrisRayfordL_Xiao-Wolfer_Transcript_20180701.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Click here for the transcript file.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>In this oral history interview, Rayford L. Harris, Jr. (R&amp;rsquo;77) sat down with Rena Xiao (&amp;rsquo;20) and Eden Wolfer (&amp;rsquo;20) on July 1, 2018, in Boatwright Memorial Library. Over the course of the one hour and forty minute interview, Harris shares about how he ended up at the University of Richmond via his orthodontist William Tyler Haynes; his first experiences on campus; being one of 12 Black students in his incoming class; interactions with fraternities, the baseball team, and intramural sports; the experience of forming social circles as a commuter student; the organization of the first Black student organization SOBA; the first attempt to bring a Black fraternity (Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc.) to campus; some of the first Black History Weeks at the university; dating and friendships with white women on campus; switching from pre-med to a math major; interactions with other students of color on campus; attending the university during the Vietnam War and the sexual revolution; relationships with staff members; dealing with stereotypes about Black students on campus; his contributions to the university as an alum; reflects on the changes at the university since his time on campus; friendships and interactions with Black women on campus; gives advice to current students of color; his career in the City of Richmond government; and finally shares a story about his father, Rayford L. Harris, Sr., a lifelong friend of civil rights attorney Oliver Hill.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/HarrisRayford_1975-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/HarrisRayford_1977-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Rayford L. Harris, Jr. is a native of Richmond and a proud product of Richmond Public Schools.&amp;nbsp; He graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School and matriculated at the University of Richmond, Richmond College in the fall of 1973.&amp;nbsp; After visiting the campus at the insistence of Dr. William Tyler Haynes, his orthodontist, Rayford selected Richmond over Hampton University, Virginia Tech, and the University of Virginia, among others.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Starting as a Pre-Med student, he eventually followed his true calling and majored in Mathematics.&amp;nbsp; During his time at UR, he was on the baseball team and coached by Chuck Boone.&amp;nbsp; Other activities included intramural basketball and being a member of SOBA &amp;ndash; the Student Organization for Black Awareness.&amp;nbsp; He graduated in 1977 with a Bachelor of Arts.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/HarrisRayford_1974-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;After graduating, there was a brief four-year teaching career with Richmond Public Schools where Rayford taught Mathematics at Henderson Middle School, John Marshall and Maggie Walker High Schools, and the Marshall-Walker (combined) High School.&amp;nbsp; During that time he also coached Girls&amp;rsquo; Basketball, Softball, and Baseball.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In 1981, Rayford began a 33-year career with the City of Richmond.&amp;nbsp; He began as a Programmer Trainee and advanced to Lead Programmer.&amp;nbsp; He ended the Information Technology part of his tenure as a Lead Systems Developer having been involved with most of the City&amp;rsquo;s automated systems.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The other half of his City Career was with the Department of Budget and Strategic Planning where he began as a Senior Budget &amp;amp; Management Analyst.&amp;nbsp; Over the years, he was promoted to Deputy Director and ultimately appointed by Mayor L. Douglas Wilder as the Director of Budget and Strategic Planning.&amp;nbsp; After serving under a second Mayor, Dwight C. Jones, Rayford retired from the City in December of 2013.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;After retirement, Rayford served as the CFO for a small Non Profit Agency, Quin Rivers Inc. &amp;ndash; A Community Action Agency and &amp;ldquo;re-retired&amp;rdquo; June 30, 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Other activities include being a CIGNA Mentor, a Spider Club Member, serving on the Boards of the North Richmond YMCA, the RVA Financial Federal Credit Union, the Richmond First Club, and multiple Foundations of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Rayford also has a niece who graduated as a Spider in 2017.&amp;nbsp; They both look forward to sharing the same reunion years that end in 2 and 7.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (Rayford L. Harris, Jr.). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race &amp; Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/transcripts/KingMaurice_Oddo_Transcript_20190307.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Click here for transcript file.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>In this oral history interview, Maurice King (R&amp;rsquo;85) spoke with Keith Oddo (&amp;rsquo;19) via telephone on March 7, 2019. Over the course of the fifty minute interview, King speaks about his transition to Richmond from his hometown in northern California, coming to the University of Richmond as a non-student athlete, his first year on the wrestling team and the disbanding of the team, joining the basketball team as a manager, becoming involved with the student radio station (WDCE), enrolling in the interdisciplinary studies program, the difficulty of adapting to the environment at Richmond after growing up on the west coast, joining the Student Organization for Black Awareness (SOBA), getting involved in fundraising and mentoring on campus, forming friendships on campus, and maps out his career trajectory from the University of Richmond to his current role at Nike.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_1982-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_1983-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_1984-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_1985-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Maurice King was born in Berkeley, California and raised in the East Bay. He graduated from the University of Richmond in 1981, with a degree in speech communications. He has had a long career, in everything from apparel production for the Gap, The Limited, and Nike, to sales and commerce at Benetton, Christal Radio, and Disney. In 2004, he returned to Nike and has worked in Regional, National, and Global Sales as well as Management. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_2019-02.JPG" alt="" width="750px" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; He is also active in his community, including being a senior leader for the Nike School Innovation Fund (NSIF); and a board member and chair for All Hands Raised, an educational equity organization in Portland, Oregon; and a Parent Leadership Board member and co-chair at Pitzer College. King also makes time to speak with University of Richmond students about his career, &lt;a href="https://news.richmond.edu/features/article/-/14262/nike-executive-and-ur-alumnus-meets-with-robins-students-uses-their-research-for-strategy-maurice-king-r85-reviewed-student-research-on-nike-golf..html" target="_blank"&gt;guest lecturing to classes at the Robins School of Business&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (Maurice King). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race &amp; Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes.</text>
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                <text>In this oral history interview, James Reed (R&amp;rsquo;81) sat down with Johnnette Johnson (&amp;rsquo;20) and Cole Richard (&amp;rsquo;21) on June 11, 2019, in Boatwright Memorial Library. Over the course of the one-hour interview, Reed spoke about his time as a football player and founding member of the University of Richmond&amp;rsquo;s first black fraternity Phi Beta Sigma. A DC native, Reed reflects on the mindset he carried upon matriculation and the lessons he learned upon graduation. He also searches to connect his experience to current students&amp;rsquo; lived experience in terms of cultural inclusion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/ReedJames_1981-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;James "JR" Reed, Jr. was born at Andrews AFB, right out of Washington DC. JR grew up in the Southeast section of Washington DC, in the Hillcrest neighborhood. He attended Archbishop Carroll High School, located in the Northwest section of DC. He played football and ran track during his four years there. JR graduated from Carroll in 1977 with a scholarship to play football at the University of Richmond (U of R). During his 4-year tenure at the U of R, he played football, he was a four-year ROTC cadet, and he started the first predominately Black fraternity at the U of R, (Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, INC.). He graduated in 1981 with a undergraduate degree in Business Economics and a US Army commission as a 2nd Lieutenant in the Military Police Corps. During his 22 years of service, Reed also earned a Master's Degree in Public Administration with a concentration in Information Systems from Troy State University. After retiring from service, Reed worked another 14 years within the Department of Defense, as a Contractor and Civil Servant. Presently, JR owns his own business as a Real Estate Investor. Currently, he resides in the Chesapeake, VA.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (James "JR" Reed). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race &amp; Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes.</text>
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                <text>In this oral history interview, Rueben Turner (R&amp;rsquo;81) sat down with Johnnette Johnson (&amp;rsquo;20) and Jisu Song ('22) on June 19, 2019, in Boatwright Memorial Library. Over the course of the one hour interview, Turner spoke about his time as a football player and member of Kappa Alpha Psi at VCU. A Hampton native, Reed reflects on his time at the university juggling his academic, athletic, and extracurricular commitments. He shares what it was like to pledge a fraternity at VCU and what it meant to bring the fraternity to the University of Richmond&amp;rsquo;s campus. He also highlights his connection to URBAN, the University of Richmond Black Alumni Network.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/TurnerRueben_1981.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rueben was born and raised in Hampton, Virginia and attended Bethel High School. He attended the University of Richmond from 1977-1981 on a football scholarship. He was voted as a captain of the football team his senior year and received all East Coast Athletic Conference (ECAC) honors for his play. He graduated from the University of Richmond with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics and Sociology. He later obtained his MBA from Queens University of Charlotte, North Carolina. His professional affiliations include membership with the Institute for Supply Management. He has a lifetime certification with the institute for Supply Management as a certified Purchasing Manager (C.P.M.). He retired from Altria after 34 years and is enjoying his retirement traveling and spending time with his family. He is a current Board member of the Mega Mentors of Chesterfield, County where he volunteers his time mentoring and teaching life skills to middle and high school students. He is married and has two daughters and three grandchildren. He is a member of First Baptist Church-Centralia and serves on the Deacon Board.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/TurnerRueben_1980.JPG" alt="" /&gt;</text>
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                <text>This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (Rueben Turner). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race &amp; Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes.</text>
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                <text>This article describes the burst of minority students enrolling in the University that year. This effort to recruit some 40 minorities was spearheaded by Dr. Tinina Cade, the Director of Minority Affairs at the University of Richmond. She would go into the cIty of Richmond to find exceptional black students. She also believed that the best way to recruit minorities was to give the existing ones on campus a good experience. That way they will spread the word on how great the campus is for minorities.The article also presents Minority Awareness Weekend that is planned by the Minority Student Union.</text>
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                <text>Moi, Daniel Arap, 1924-</text>
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                <text>Speaker</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="46176">
                <text>Alexander, Cam. "Kenyan President to Speak at graduation." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 71, no. 16 (February 2, 1985): 1. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19850214.2.4&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19850214.2.4&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Student Contributor</name>
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              <text>Tucker Shelley</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="43997">
                <text>The Web, University of Richmond</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>There is an illustration of the Confederate spider in the athletics section page of the 1960 yearbook. It wears a baseball uniform and holds a baseball bat, baseball glove, and a confederate flag. "Confederate Spidey" was the university's "unofficial" mascot from around 1950 to the early 1970s.</text>
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                <text>Confederate army</text>
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                <text>Flags--Confederate States of America</text>
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                <text>Lost cause ideology</text>
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                <text>Racism</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44014">
                <text>Virginia Baptist Historical Society, The Web (1960): 193. Available online via the &lt;a href="%E2%80%9Chttps%3A//scholarship.richmond.edu/the-web/52/%E2%80%9D"&gt;UR Scholarship Repository. &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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          <name>Student Contributor</name>
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              <text>Cory Schutter</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="41186">
                <text>Letter from Eloise Severinson to George M. Modlin</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="41187">
                <text>Severinson, Eloise</text>
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                <text>1969-10-06</text>
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                <text>correspondence</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="41193">
                <text>This October 6, 1969, letter is from Dr. Eloise Severinson, the Regional Civil Rights Director for Region III the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW). The letter is addressed to University President Dr. George M. Modlin and is in regards to the University of Richmond's implementation of Title VI policies set out in the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Dr. Modlin had proposed certain implementations to the Office for Civil Rights on August 29, 1968, and this letter serves as the "follow-up" to these developments. Dr. Modlin had indicated that the school would begin to keep records regarding University recruitment at "Negro high schools," "Negro groups invited to tour the University," and "Negro athletes contacted and interviewed with regard to athletic grants-in-aid." Marginalia indicates that eight individuals were "phoned," with a description of having phoned "J.E.N." in regards to "news stories in Richmond Afro American."</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Athletics</text>
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                <text>College integration</text>
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                <text>College students, Black</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="41197">
                <text>Minority college students--Recruiting</text>
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                <text>United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964</text>
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                <text>United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>UA6.2.5.25.1-19691006.pdf</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="41202">
                <text>Letter from Eloise Severinson to George M. Modlin, 6 October 1969, RG 6.2.5 Box 25 Folder 1, University Archives, Virginia Baptist Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Contributor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="41098">
              <text>Katie Brennan</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
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              <elementText elementTextId="41099">
                <text>Report "Information for HEW Letter"</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="41105">
                <text>This undated administrative report titled “Information for HEW Letter” included a series of numbered paragraphs regarding the recruitment of black students at the University. Though it is uncertain who wrote the report, Dean Grigg and the Senior Counselors of the City Schools are mentioned as having met to discuss the recruitment of black students and a planned visit to the University for all counselors in the Richmond metropolitan area. The report acknowledged that over the summer, there were students involved in the Richmond Community Action Program who were given tours around campus, and that the High School Speech Institute that was held on the University’s campus was accessible to students regardless of race, indicating that “several negro students were included.” The report also mentioned that recruiting information for the University was dispersed to all secondary schools regardless of race. Additionally, the report provides information on the number of black students who applied, were accepted, and were enrolled to a variety of colleges within the University. The report also referenced Dean Overton with respect to plans regarding black teachers at the University, as well as Dean Moncure and Dean F.G. Gayles with respect to recruitment efforts. On the second page of this item, there is an undated handwritten note whose creator is also unknown, though the handwriting resembles other archival material written by President Modlin.</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>College integration</text>
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                <text>College students</text>
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                <text>College students, Black</text>
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                <text>Diversity</text>
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                <text>High school students</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="41112">
                <text>Minority college students--Recruiting</text>
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                <text>University College</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="41115">
                <text>UA6.2.5.25.1-undatedc.pdf</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="41116">
                <text>Report “Information for HEW Letter”, undated, RG 6.2.5 Box 25 Folder 1, University Archives, Virginia Baptist Historical Society. </text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.) </text>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Student Contributor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="40471">
              <text>Katie Brennan</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="40472">
                <text>Article "Title IX Controversy Sparks Mortar Board Forum"</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40473">
                <text>Everett, Pat</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40474">
                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1981-12-03</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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            <name>Format</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="40477">
                <text>newspapers</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="40479">
                <text>The article described a Mortar Board sponsored forum on Title IX held at the University and indicated that students received few concrete answers due to a pending court decision on whether the University’s athletic programs violated the sex equality law. William Leftwich, Vice President for student affairs and Title IX coordinator, as well as Elaine Yeates, chairman of the Board of Trustees’ Athletic Committee, hesitated to answer questions from female athletes as a result of this pending litigation. Additionally, athletic director Chuck Boone and women’s athletic director Ruth Goehring gave few explicit answers due to an additional pending case between the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and Association of Intercollegiate Athletics for Women. However, administrators still maintained that progress had been made in the women's athletic department since 1979, citing increased scholarships and athletic success, particularly with the women’s basketball team. Female athletes at the forum pressed administrators on issues of inequalities in athletic budgets, treatment of athletes regarding hotels, transportation, restaurants, and recruiting, as well as the number of available scholarships. Peg Hogan, coach of the women’s swim team and the Aquanettes, suggested that everyday issues such as lack of heating in the Keller Hall locker room and availability of practice times depict inequalities. However, Goering suggested that women were not always worse off than men and in some ways might have been better off: “We have a law that says we must be treated fairly, the men don't.”</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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              <elementText elementTextId="40481">
                <text>College athletes</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="40482">
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                <text>Everett, Pat. “Title IX Controversy Sparks Mortar Board Forum.” &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 68, no. 13, (December 3, 1981): 7. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19811203.2.21&amp;amp;srpos=31&amp;amp;e=-12-1964--12-1986--en-50--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19811203.2.21&amp;amp;srpos=31&amp;amp;e=-12-1964--12-1986--en-50--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This article discusses the Title IX law passed by Congress in 1975, which grants women equal opportunity for scholarship as men. Westhampton College was at least 2 years behind major competitors at meeting the specifications of Title IX by 1978. The assistant athletic director, Carol Reese, argues that there has been progress since the University now provides practice uniforms and shoes to in women's sports, but not a single woman on a varsity team had a scholarship. Additionally, with the integration of Title IX, women’s sports will now be broken down to divisional classifications just like men. Carol Reese claims that Westhampton College is behind other schools due to the lack of funding: “It takes money to build up a competitive program."</text>
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                <text>“Title IX is Slow Moving.” &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 64, no.16 (February 16, 1978): 6. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19780216.2.43&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19780216.2.43&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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