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              <text>Meghna Melkote</text>
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                <text>Article "Honoring Black History with Anthem"</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1994-02-10</text>
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                <text>newspapers</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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                <text>This describes an upcoming performance by the Richmond Performing Gospel Choir. The performance was to be at a basketball game against American University, and the choir was to sing "The Negro National Anthem," written by James Weldon Johnson. The piece goes on to write the lyrics of the song.</text>
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                <text>African American choirs</text>
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                <text>College athletics</text>
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                <text>"Honoring Black History with Anthem” &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 80, no. 17, (February 10th, 1994): 1 &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19940210.2.39&amp;amp;srpos=2&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19940210.2.39&amp;amp;srpos=2&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Meghna Melkote</text>
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                <text>Article "Is UR Coed?"</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1973-03-22</text>
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                <text>newspapers</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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                <text>This article criticizes the continuing separation between Richmond College and Westhampton College, arguing that the division makes UR operate "as a summer camp environment with a lake in the middle," and that it was time that "steps were taken to turn UR into a truly co-ed university." It mentions specifically disputes between the colleges over which facilities they were to use. WC students wanted to use the Robins Center locker room facilities, and RC students wanted to use the WC tennis courts, leading to conflict resulting from a "lack of communication."</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>"Is UR Coed" &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; LX, no. 23 (March 22nd, 1973): 1 &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19730322.2.7&amp;amp;srpos=7&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19730322.2.7&amp;amp;srpos=7&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Irina Rogova</text>
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                <text>Article "Richmond Spider Gets 'New Look'"</text>
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                <text>College athletics</text>
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                <text>Confederate Army</text>
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                <text>Lost Cause ideology</text>
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                <text>During the fall semester of 1948, Buddy Mayo, the manager of the Student Shop, announced that the University of Richmond Spider, the "official University emblem," was receiving a new look to coincide with the "new football outlook and as an added incentive to college spirit." Mayo said that the new look was a "product of five years of work and study" aimed to please students who had previous been unsatisfied with the mascot. The new look spider wore a Confederate uniform, and the article notes that Mayo "wanted the students to understand that the grey coloring of the body of the spider is to offset the official colors of the school." Mayo went on to explain "that the spider so-dressed signifies that Richmond was the capital of the Confederacy during the War Between the States, and therefore the official blue would not be appropriate for the Spiders uniform." Mayo hoped the students would approve of the redesign.</text>
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                <text>"Richmond Spider Gets 'New Look'". &lt;em&gt;The Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; XXXV, no. 2 (September 24, 1948): 13.&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19480924.2.7&amp;amp;srpos=1&amp;amp;e=------194-en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19480924.2.7&amp;amp;srpos=1&amp;amp;e=------194-en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1948-09-24</text>
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                <text>Article "Spider man: The University's mascot has a long, varied history"</text>
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                <text>This&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Collegian&lt;/em&gt; article gives a brief history of the University of Richmond spider mascot. It outlines the three competing origin stories for the "unusual mascot that Richmond students have defended since 1894." Originally, the Richmond team had been called the Colts, but a professional baseball team with the same name came to Richmond in the early 1890s. The three theories for the new name include 1) A comparison to the Cleveland Spiders at a 1893 baseball game, 2) a comparison to spiders for not allowing a fly ball" to get by at a game against William &amp;amp; Mary, and 3) a sports writer yelling "You guys look like a bunch of spiders trying to play ball, published in the 1897 yearbook. The history goes on to include information about a challenge to the mascot in the July 1941 &lt;em&gt;Alumni Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;, where 1913 alumus W.F. "Tip" Saunders called for renaming the team either the "Confederates" or the "Rebels" to tie the university to Richmond City's history as the former capital of the Confederacy. The spider won by "an overwhelming majority." This history also states that "initially, the spider dressed in a Confederate general's uniform," though in reality the mascot did not wear this uniform until the late 1940s. After the Confederate spider, there was a "'live' spider mascot which resembled the comic book hero 'Spiderman." In the 1980s, te costume became more ferocious. As of the 1997 writing, there were three forms of the spider: One, a "sleek, insect-like spider" found on license plates, second a "grinning spider" us for University publications, and finally a "fuzzy, friendly spider that walks around encouraging school spirity." The history concludes by noting that University officials describe the spider as representing "success, good judgement, and a painstaking perseverance." The writer cites the Virginia Baptist Historical Society for most of the historical information.</text>
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                <text>Luster, Julie Autumn</text>
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                <text>Luster, Julie Autumn. "Spider man: The University's mascot has a long, varied history."&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;84, no. 7 (October 9, 1997): 13.&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19971009.2.34&amp;amp;srpos=5&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19971009.2.34&amp;amp;srpos=5&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1997-10-09</text>
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                <text>This article describes the debut of a new University of Richmond mascot, which had been absent from sporting event for 20 years according to the article. (&lt;a href="http://memory.richmond.edu/items/show/2894" target="_blank"&gt;In 1948, students in Lambda Chi Alpha constructed a mascot with help from outside manufacturers and the creator of the Confederate spider mascot, School Shop manager Buddy Mayo&lt;/a&gt;.) John Millard, a senior at Richmond College, commissioned and wore the costume. He used a picture of the "UR Spider man" and a Confederate uniform for the design, which he brought to six tailors before a friend made the costume. The saber came from the ROTC Department. Millard stated that the costume had received positive attention at a pep rally and the first football game, adn he hoped students would "take up his cause." The article includes a photograph of Millard in the mascot costume along with cheerleaders Bonnie Bowman, Carol Henry, and Carty Richards.</text>
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                <text>Myer, Lynn. "Spiderman Returns: Mascot Boosts Spirit."&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;LV, no. 2 (September 22, 1967): 6.&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19670922.2.34&amp;amp;srpos=4&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19670922.2.34&amp;amp;srpos=4&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This &lt;em&gt;Collegian&lt;/em&gt; article explains the censorship process for t-shirts sporting sexually-charged innuendos and uses the University of Richmond’s crew team and equestrian team’s notorious use of sexual slogans as examples. For example, the crew team used slogans such as, “the harder you stroke, the faster we come,” while the equestrian team’s t-shirts have stated, “Whips, ropes, lots of leather…wanna ride?” Kyla Hwang, the collegiate licensing manager at the University of Richmond, clarifies that it is her job to protect the name and logo of the university, thus the censorship of inappropriate or offensive slogans attached to the University name is a priority. In response to students who claim that this process violates their right to free speech, the article explains that the University is a private institution, thus, “the Constitution does not apply and the school can regulate the merchandise of any organization it supports”. Additionally, the article elaborates that it is often easier for sports teams to get away with sexualized shirt slogans than Greek organizations such as sororities, whose potential shirt ideas must be screened by both Hwang and the Panhellenic Council.</text>
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                <text>Lopatniuk, Natalia. "University Censors Sexy Shirt Slogans." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 92, no. 6, (October 6, 2005): 6. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL20051006.2.21&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL20051006.2.21&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Article "World's Largest Hat Adorns UR's New Look Spider Uniform"</text>
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                <text>This article describes the creation of a full-size mascot costume modeled after the "new look" Richmond Spider created by Student Shop proprietor Buddy Mayo &lt;a href="http://memory.richmond.edu/items/show/2893" target="_blank"&gt;earlier in the fall 1948 semester.&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;The article describes the new look spider as having "called on its Confederate ancestors" in its design. Brothers from Lambda Chi Alpha presented the design to the university community, and the mascot made its first appearance at a football game between the University of Richmond and Washington and Lee. Nelson Weber, presumably a Lambda Chi Alpha brother, was invived to a local clothes manufacturing plant to create the eight-limbed costume. The head was designed by a professional artist on Franklin Street in Richmond City. Hat makers and alumni Holmes and Douglas Britton designed the hat, which required special equipment from New York to accomdate the large size. In total, making a Confederate Spider mascot should have cost over $200, but the labor, time, and materials were donated by Etchison Hat Company and Rockingham Clothes. Buddy Mayo donated the mask.</text>
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                <text>Dodl, Norman. "World's Largest Hat Adorns UR's New Look Spider Uniform."&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;The Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; XXXV, no. 12 (December 10, 1948): 1, 3.&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19481210.2.5&amp;amp;e=------194-en-20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19481210.2.5&amp;amp;e=------194-en-20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This opinion piece, written by University of Richmond senior and male cheerleader Matthew O’Brian, responds to an opinion piece parodying a Webster’s Dictionary titled “The Official University of Richmond Dictionary/Thesaurus Encyclopedia and Souvenir Placemat” by students of the “Dead Editors’ Society” (Mr. Scott Shepard, Mr. Jeff Carl and Mr. Paul Caputo). In their piece published on February 16, 1995, they refer to male cheerleaders as “sissy boys.” O’Brian invites the “Dead Editors’ Society” to rescind their “insulting remark from [last week’s] Collegian,” and to attend any of their “’sissy boy’” workouts.</text>
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                <text>O'Brien, Matthew. "'Dead Editors' should come see what 'sissies' they're talking about." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 81, no.18, (February 23, 1995): 7. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19950223.2.33&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--21--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19950223.2.33&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--21--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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261 Richmond Way, Richmond, VA 23173</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/transcripts/ReedJames_Johnson-Richard_Transcript_20190611.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Click here for the transcript file.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>In this oral history interview, James Reed (R&amp;rsquo;81) sat down with Johnnette Johnson (&amp;rsquo;20) and Cole Richard (&amp;rsquo;21) on June 11, 2019, in Boatwright Memorial Library. Over the course of the one-hour interview, Reed spoke about his time as a football player and founding member of the University of Richmond&amp;rsquo;s first black fraternity Phi Beta Sigma. A DC native, Reed reflects on the mindset he carried upon matriculation and the lessons he learned upon graduation. He also searches to connect his experience to current students&amp;rsquo; lived experience in terms of cultural inclusion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/ReedJames_1981-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;James "JR" Reed, Jr. was born at Andrews AFB, right out of Washington DC. JR grew up in the Southeast section of Washington DC, in the Hillcrest neighborhood. He attended Archbishop Carroll High School, located in the Northwest section of DC. He played football and ran track during his four years there. JR graduated from Carroll in 1977 with a scholarship to play football at the University of Richmond (U of R). During his 4-year tenure at the U of R, he played football, he was a four-year ROTC cadet, and he started the first predominately Black fraternity at the U of R, (Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, INC.). He graduated in 1981 with a undergraduate degree in Business Economics and a US Army commission as a 2nd Lieutenant in the Military Police Corps. During his 22 years of service, Reed also earned a Master's Degree in Public Administration with a concentration in Information Systems from Troy State University. After retiring from service, Reed worked another 14 years within the Department of Defense, as a Contractor and Civil Servant. Presently, JR owns his own business as a Real Estate Investor. Currently, he resides in the Chesapeake, VA.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (James "JR" Reed). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race &amp; Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes.</text>
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                <text>In this oral history interview, Maurice King (R&amp;rsquo;85) spoke with Keith Oddo (&amp;rsquo;19) via telephone on March 7, 2019. Over the course of the fifty minute interview, King speaks about his transition to Richmond from his hometown in northern California, coming to the University of Richmond as a non-student athlete, his first year on the wrestling team and the disbanding of the team, joining the basketball team as a manager, becoming involved with the student radio station (WDCE), enrolling in the interdisciplinary studies program, the difficulty of adapting to the environment at Richmond after growing up on the west coast, joining the Student Organization for Black Awareness (SOBA), getting involved in fundraising and mentoring on campus, forming friendships on campus, and maps out his career trajectory from the University of Richmond to his current role at Nike.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_1982-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_1983-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_1984-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_1985-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Maurice King was born in Berkeley, California and raised in the East Bay. He graduated from the University of Richmond in 1981, with a degree in speech communications. He has had a long career, in everything from apparel production for the Gap, The Limited, and Nike, to sales and commerce at Benetton, Christal Radio, and Disney. In 2004, he returned to Nike and has worked in Regional, National, and Global Sales as well as Management. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/KingMaurice_2019-02.JPG" alt="" width="750px" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; He is also active in his community, including being a senior leader for the Nike School Innovation Fund (NSIF); and a board member and chair for All Hands Raised, an educational equity organization in Portland, Oregon; and a Parent Leadership Board member and co-chair at Pitzer College. King also makes time to speak with University of Richmond students about his career, &lt;a href="https://news.richmond.edu/features/article/-/14262/nike-executive-and-ur-alumnus-meets-with-robins-students-uses-their-research-for-strategy-maurice-king-r85-reviewed-student-research-on-nike-golf..html" target="_blank"&gt;guest lecturing to classes at the Robins School of Business&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (Maurice King). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race &amp; Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes.</text>
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