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                <text>This &lt;em&gt;Collegian&lt;/em&gt; article sheds light on the Richmond gay bar Godfrey’s as a source of refuge for LGBTQ+ students who attend the University of Richmond and wish for an alternative to Greek affiliated events. Common Ground director Glyn Hughes explains that Greek life on campus is heteronormative, meaning that it assumes everyone in the community is heterosexual. Although Greek leaders disagree that fraternities and sororities add to the homophobic atmosphere of University of Richmond’s campus, gay 2008 graduate Jason Tseng, along with other LGBTQ+ students, claim that the University is a, “…hostile climate for queer people.” This hostility can be attributed in part to gender segregated housing and the coordinate college system in general, says Tseng. Despite administrative efforts to promote campus inclusivity by Strategic Plan, Hughs notes that change in campus culture must come from students as well. In terms of promoting LGBTQ+ visibility on campus, Andy Gurka, area coordinator for the University Forest Apartments, discusses his experience as gay on campus and concludes that “being out has been a benefit to the community."</text>
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                <text>Larter, David and Dan Petty. "Some LGBTQ students embrace an alternative social scene". &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 94, no. 43, (March 5, 2009): 1. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL20090305.2.17&amp;amp;srpos=59&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--41--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL20090305.2.17&amp;amp;srpos=59&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--41--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Article "Past, future of black Greek organizations discussed"</text>
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                <text>This &lt;em&gt;Collegian&lt;/em&gt; article summarizes a talk by Ishmail Conway during Black History Month about the misunderstanding of Black fraternities and sororities. Conway traces the history of Black Greek organizations to the early 20th century, and stresses the need for more research on and awareness about the history of these organizations. He exclaims that the importance of Black fraternities and sororities moving to white campuses is often overlooked, and that the fundamental rituals of these organizations became, “violated, objects of attack and objects of abuse.” Conway also explained the delicate situation that once Black Greek life comes to a campus, it only takes one organization’s expulsion for the campus to get rid of all Black Greek life. In conclusion, Conway also discussed the five primary vectors of Black Greek organizations: symbolism, human resource development, service, operation management, and socialization (placing emphasis on service).</text>
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                <text>Matthews, Marla. "Past, future of black Greek organizations discussed." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 81, no. 19, (March 2, 1995): 3. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19950302.2.23&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--21--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19950302.2.23&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--21--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Article "College Fraternities, Sororities Are Termed 'Citadels of Snobbery"</text>
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                <text>This article summarizes the perspective of Mrs. Glenn Frank, widow of the former president of the University of Wisconsin and former sorority member, regarding the “dangerous influence” of Greek life on college campuses. In her published special investigation “Citadels of Snobbery,” Frank warns that in screening applicants on the basis of income, religion and social position, fraternities and sororities promote, “a ‘completely un-American, undemocratic caste system.’” She reports that Greek organizations practice religious discrimination by setting quotas for Catholic students and banning Jewish students, therefore creating segregation on campuses. She urges parents to get their legislatures to “wipe out fraternities and sororities by legislative act."</text>
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                <text>"College Fraternities, Sororities Are Termed 'Citadels of Snobbery." &lt;em&gt;The Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; XXXVI, no. 17, (February 10, 1950): 2. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19500210.2.18&amp;amp;srpos=17&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19500210.2.18&amp;amp;srpos=17&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Joy Lim</text>
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                <text>This article covers the first-ever sorority rush that took place at the University of Richmond. Alison Bartel, assistant director of student affairs, organized and led all of the activities throughout this busy week and created a program that included an orientation, sorority “parties”, and sorority meetings. The orientation at the start of the week introduced the process of Rush to the rushees and provided detailed directions to the women involved. Open house meetings introduced each rushee to each of the six sororities and gave everyone their first impressions of the program. Sorority parties were attended by invitation only and allowed for sororities to get to know the rushees on a more intimate level. Throughout the week, a lot of rushees voiced their opinions on the Rush process, going so far as to saying, “I had the best interview, I stayed 20 minutes longer than I was supposed to,” compared to, “I can't stand this, I feel like just quitting.” The process of choosing a final sorority all came down to the individual’s preference along with the sorority’s choice of members.</text>
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                <text>Ross, Sara. "Over 500 pledge sororities." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 73, no. 17, (February 19, 1987): 1. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19870219.2.3&amp;amp;srpos=91&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19870219.2.3&amp;amp;srpos=91&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This article describes more of the details concerning the first sorority rush at the University of Richmond. 24 out of the 26 national sororities that are a part of the National Panhellenic Council will showcase a presentation to a committee made up of university Board of Trustee members, faculty, administrators, and students. This committee will determine which 6 sororities are best suited for the Westhampton women on campus. Factors such as “financial aid programs, alcohol policy and the number of alumnae available in the area to advise,” are all considered when reviewing the presentations of the sororities. A questionnaire was also sent out asking women to state their opinions on the necessity of bringing historically black sororities to campus. The sororities will not be granted individual houses like the fraternities but will instead meet in the Emily Gardener Room for meetings.</text>
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                <text>Hummel, Janine. "Sororities here." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 73, no. 2, (September 11, 1986): 1. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19860911.2.5&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19860911.2.5&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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261 Richmond Way, Richmond, VA 23173</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/transcripts/JonesKevin_Richard-Song_Transcript_20190618.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Click here for the transcript file.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>In this oral history interview, Kevin Jones (&amp;lsquo;94) sat down with Cole Richard (&amp;rsquo;21) and Jisu Song (&amp;lsquo;22) on June 18, 2019, in Boatwright Memorial Library. Over the course of the one hour interview, Jones discussed his experience as one of the only black students in the business school, as well as his participation in three student groups: Minority Student Union, Asian American Student Association, and Volunteer Action Council. Jones reflects on his active search for diversity while on campus, including his time living in the International House, a dorm for study abroad and four-year international students.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/JonesKevin_1991-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/JonesKevin_1992-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/JonesKevin_1993-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/JonesKevin_1994-01.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Beyond the social barriers of race, religion, gender, and geography, Kevin LaMarr Jones professes that dance and music have the ability to unite the world. Since graduating from the University of Richmond with a B.S. in Business Administration and Virginia Commonwealth University with a B.F.A. in Dance and Choreography, Jones has become a graphic designer, dancer, choreographer, and producer based in Richmond, Virginia. His dance portfolio includes work with the Latin Ballet of Virginia as a professional company member, in addition to founding, &lt;a href="http://clavesunidos.com/" target="_blank"&gt;CLAVES UNIDOS&lt;/a&gt;, a community-based dance company and academy which connects Richmond, Virginia to the world and gathers its residents around dances of the African diaspora.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/JonesKevin_1994-02.JPG" alt="" width="750px" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mr. Jones has been cultivating his own Pan-African dance style since the mid 1990s when as a Senior UR, he was introduced to and became a permanent fan of the music of, salsa band, Bio Ritmo. Jones studied traditional West African dance with Sister Faye Walker and Judy Lynn Edwards. He discovered a passion for flamenco through teachers like with Ana Ines King, Anna Menendez and Antonio Hidalgo Paz as well as many other master flamenco teachers during his travels to New York, Washington DC, Jerez de la Frontera, Madrid and Seville. He has studied Afro-Cuban dances with If&amp;eacute; Michelle Milligan, Alberto Limonta Perez and various other master teachers in workshops between Miami, New York and Barcelona. He has studied salsa and partner dancing with various artists including Edwin Roa, Steve Greene and Yamil Boo. In 2006 &amp;amp; 2007 he delved into community engagement through the arts with Urban Bush Women as a participant in their Summer Leadership Institute in Brooklyn, NY. In 2015, he performed with his Bomba Afro-Puerto Rican dance teacher, Isha Renta, as an invited guest artist with her group, Semilla Cultural, at the Kennedy Center&amp;rsquo;s Millennium Stage. He currently serves as a member of the board of directors for Dogtown Dance Theatre where he also creates and presents concert dance performances and productions.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/JonesKevin_1994-03.JPG" alt="" width="750px" /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Recent photograph of Kevin Jones thanks to &lt;a href="https://www.ellimorris.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Elli Morris&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (Kevin LaMarr Jones). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race &amp; Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes.</text>
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                <text>Wilson, Julee. "Minorities feel left out on campus." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 90, no. 13, (January 22, 2004): 1. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL20040122.2.13&amp;amp;srpos=302&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL20040122.2.13&amp;amp;srpos=302&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Ishmail Conway, Director of the Luther P. Jackson Cultural Center at the University of Virginia, was a guest speaker at the University of Richmond during Black History Month. During his speech, he focused on the importance and significance behind Black Greek Organizations, specifically the impact that these black fraternities and sororities made on historically white college campuses. There was particular emphasis on the traditions within these black fraternities and sororities that were regarded as &amp;ldquo;hazing&amp;rdquo; by the white communities at white institutions. The discrepancies within hazing when comparing white greek organizations to black greek organizations were highlighted as students from Alpha Kappa Alpha and Delta Sigma Theta sorority&amp;rsquo;s continued discussing similar matters after the speech.</text>
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                <text>Race</text>
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                <text>University of Virginia</text>
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                <text>White people</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53469">
                <text>Matthews, Marla. "Past, future of black Greek organizations discussed." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 81, no. 19, (March 2, 1995): 3. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19950302.2.23&amp;amp;srpos=239&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19950302.2.23&amp;amp;srpos=239&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Metadata Creator</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="53418">
              <text>Joy Lim</text>
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                <text>Letter to the Editor "Greek life hinders UR social life"</text>
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                <text>Koller, Roger</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1993-11-11</text>
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                <text>newspapers</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53426">
                <text>The writer of this letter claims that the University of Richmond lacks in diversity due to the social scene that is centered around Greek Life. Although they admit to failing to receive a bid during rush, they remain confident that their observations are not due to bias. The writer acknowledges the work of co-ed service fraternities but criticizes the model of Greek organizations in general as they lead to &amp;ldquo;international students&amp;hellip; segregating themselves from the rest of campus.&amp;rdquo; The writer concludes with a wake-up call for students to realize there&amp;rsquo;s life outside of their individual greek organizations and encourages them to become diverse within their social lives.</text>
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                <text>College fraternity members</text>
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                <text>College sorority members</text>
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                <text>College students</text>
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                <text>College students--Attitudes</text>
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                <text>Discrimination</text>
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                <text>Greek letter societies</text>
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                <text>Social life and customs</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53434">
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                <text>Collegian80.11.7-19931111.PNG</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53436">
                <text>Koller, Roger. "Greek life hinders UR social life." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 80, no. 11, (November 11, 1993): 7. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19931111.2.36&amp;amp;srpos=223&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19931111.2.36&amp;amp;srpos=223&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Metadata Creator</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="53398">
              <text>Joy Lim</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53399">
                <text>Article "Historically black sorority colonizes: Formation of group marks a first for the University"</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53400">
                <text>Payne, Holly</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53401">
                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1992-10-01</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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                <text>The chartering of the first Historically Black Sorority at the University of Richmond is garnering attention as eight Westhampton College students diligently work to uphold the name of Delta Sigma Theta. This nationally recognized sorority was established on campus because minority women felt that they needed a space in Greek Life in which &amp;ldquo;membership is open to all races.&amp;rdquo; Initially chartered at Howard University, Delta Sigma Theta drew attention with the Five Point Program; educational development, economic development, physical and mental health, and political and international awareness and involvement.</text>
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                <text>College sorority members</text>
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                <text>College students, Black</text>
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                <text>Greek letter societies</text>
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                <text>Howard University</text>
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                <text>Student life</text>
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                <text>Payne, Holly. "Historically black sorority colonizes: Formation of group marks a first for the University." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 79, no. 5, (October 1, 1992): 2. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19921001.2.6&amp;amp;srpos=193&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19921001.2.6&amp;amp;srpos=193&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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