1 10 53 https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/5faa179f79065af735e7d834708c3083.JPG 4ee5f82d6acb3b7168c860283e184a80 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Katherine Desloge Irina Rogova Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1921-01-07 Description An account of the resource This article announces the first minstrel show given at the University since its move to the West End in 1914, put on by the Richmond College Glee Club. The announcement was published a week before the show. The article promotes blackface, showcasing performers as "charcoaled singers and jokers." The article also promotes jokes at the expense of African Americans saying that the show will be a "laughing earthquake." Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Glee Club Plans Rollicking Affair: Charcoaled Singers and Jokers Return to University Foot-Lights After Years." The Richmond Collegian VII, no. 12 (January 7, 1921): 5. <a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19210107.2.27&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank">https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19210107.2.27&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-</a> Subject The topic of the resource Blackface College students, Men College students, White Glee clubs Minstrel shows Minstrels Performance Racism Student life Title A name given to the resource Article "Glee Club Plans Rollicking Affair" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RichmondCollegianVII.12.5-19210107.JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/87b32e45101edc59a01f96b009433820.jpg c2c2741781327fb31577f114d247bbe0 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Katherine Desloge Irina Rogova Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Weatherford, W.D. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1918-02-01 Description An account of the resource In this article, Dr. W.D. Weatherford addresses issues brought about by World War I, particularly focused on "the supply of labor." Munitions factories are employing many men and women, and Weatherford notes that "places of manual labor vacated by these white workers have been filled by colored people," and that half a million black people have gone to the north in the last 18 months to two years to fill these vacancies. This has led to agriculture and farming labor resources to be short, leaving "thousands of acres of land in the South...lying idle," leading to millions of dollars in losses. Weatherford notes that Dr. Branson from the University of North Carolina stated that a quarter of a billion dollars has been lost because of the "Negro Migration" in 1917, often referred to as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_American)" target="_blank">Great Migration</a> in modern terms. This lack of labor has also lead to higher wages. Weatherford also includes an expert from a letter from a black man from Georgia to a Governor Brown, and in this letter the writer notes racism and violence in the South including mob violence and lynching, injustice in the courts, segregation on railroads, etc. Weatherford ends by calling on college men to learn about these issues to "help your nation in an hour of need." Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Weatherford, W.D. "The War and Southern Problems." The Richmond Collegian IV, no. 14, (February 1, 1918): 2. <a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19180201.2.12&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank">http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19180201.2.12&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------</a> Subject The topic of the resource African Americans--Migrations--History--20th century Black people College students, Men College students, White Labor policy Lynching Racism Segregation Segregation in education Segregation in transportation Southern States World War, 1914-1918 Title A name given to the resource Article "The War and Southern Problems" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RichmondCollegianIV.14.2-19180201.jpg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/9dadf2b5559a9957c087be7af144111d.JPG 4604b288a404cd49e89e98e73d1d562c Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Katherine Desloge Irina Rogova Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1921-01-14 Description An account of the resource This article announces the first minstrel show given at the University of Richmond since the college relocated from its Lombardy Street location to the West End campus in 1914. The show, put on by the Richmond College Glee Club, is said to feature over 30 participants and the Richmond College Orchestra. The Glee Club was designed to host "the greatest line of jokes, conundrums, songs, stunts, etc. that can be imagined." The performers are described throughout the article as "ebony-featured," meaning the performers wore blackface. The show is promoted as an event that "cannot be missed." Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Ebony Faced Merry Makers Frolic Tonight: Frolic Tonight at Red Cross Building in First Events of Its Kind for Some Years." The Richmond Collegian VII, no. 13 (January 14, 1921): 1, 8. <a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19210114.2.5&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank">https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19210114.2.5&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-</a> Subject The topic of the resource Blackface College students, Men College students, White Glee clubs Minstrel shows Minstrels Performance Racism Student organizations Title A name given to the resource Article "Ebony Faced Merry Makers Frolic Tonight" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RichmondCollegianVII.13.1-19210114.JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/6bd41c2f3f430ee86592f304b3f5ed45.JPG 882e44e76e3fe696768769f040b226c3 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Kasey McGhee Irina Rogova Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1921-01-21 Description An account of the resource An article detailing a minstrel show put on by the Richmond College Glee Club in which the white actors wore blackface. The subtitle refers to the actors as "charcoaled funmakers." The article calls the actors a "motley crew of darkies," relying on racist language and stereotypes to entertain the white audience of students. A quartet played songs including one called "Nigger Heaven." Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "College Minstrel Draws Big Crowd: Charcoaled Funmakers Bring Down House in Uproarous, Sidesplitting Performance." The Richmond Collegian VII, no. 14 (January 21, 1921): 1, 5. <a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&d=COL19210121.2.10&srpos=2&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank">https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&d=COL19210121.2.10&srpos=2&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-</a> Subject The topic of the resource Blackface College students, Men College students, White Glee clubs Minstrel shows Minstrels Performance Racism Title A name given to the resource Article "College Minstrel Draws Big Crowds: Charcoaled Funmakers Bring Down House in Uproarous, Sidesplitting Performance" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RichmondCollegianVII.14.1-19210121.JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/b66b6a7d24fb5ea1f7c43f439c25bc72.JPG ed5d6f90d9816c801af5641ef8211f21 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Campbell Crochiere Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915-05-07 Description An account of the resource This article announces a performance put on by Richmond College students to benefit The Collegian. The article notes that the first part of the performance is a blackface minstrel show performed by men in Richmond College. Minstrel shows were either dances, comic skits, or musical shows performed by white people in blackface. Minstrel shows are performances based off of racial stereotypes which shows what race relations were like during the time period. The title of the article suggest that the performance will make the audience laugh at the jokes made in the show and therefore at the cost of African Americans. In addition to the title, the casual, sarcastic tone of the article downplays the act of performing racial stereotypes. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Music and Laughs by College Fun-Makers: Minstrel Show in Benefit of 'Collegian' on To-night." The Richmond Collegian I, no. 19 (May 7, 1915): 1, 4. <a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19150507.2.7&srpos=4&e=------191-en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank">https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19150507.2.7&srpos=4&e=------191-en-20--1--txt-txIN-</a> Subject The topic of the resource Blackface College students, Men College students, White Fund raising Minstrel shows Minstrels Performance Racism Student life Title A name given to the resource Article "Music and Laughs By College Fun-Makers" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RichmondCollegianI.19.1-19150507.JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/c96d7d9eb9c036edaf5a2ed779cb7b85.jpg b7762b6c0217ba389d71dd980f556d8e Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Campbell Crochiere Irina Rogova Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1914-12-16 Description An account of the resource This article describes a social gathering between Richmond College and Westhampton College students that occurred on December 11, 1914. The article mentions the appearance of the black waiters dressed in all white during the dinner portion of the event. The waiters were described as frantically “darting” around the room with large trays carried above their heads as they bring "delicious chicken salad, salted peanuts, celery, and coffee" to the white students. Some students were referred to as "rats," referring to hazing of first year students. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Smiles, Wiles, and Eats at Refectory: 'Open Night' Indeed a Grand Success.'" The Richmond Collegian I, no. 4, (December 12, 1914): 1,4. <a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19141216.2.5&srpos=1&e=------191-en-20--1--txt-txIN#" target="_blank">http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19141216.2.5&srpos=1&e=------191-en-20--1--txt-txIN#-</a> Title A name given to the resource Article "Smiles, Wiles, and Eats at Refectory: 'Open Night' Indeed a Grand Success" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Subject The topic of the resource Black people College students, Men College students, White Coordinate college system Hazing Social life and customs Student life Universities and colleges--Employees Women college students Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RichmondCollegian.I.4.1-19141216.jpg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/8ad31f1ea127163bc3d260758cae776b.jpg f1c36b5ff54da1066f8dcdb60a13b9ae Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Leslie Stevens Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1925 Description An account of the resource This page shows a short story written about George Reynolds Freedley, Class of 1925. No authorship information is given. The story explains his participation as a "thespian." Author poses the question, "what would our Minstrels do without George," suggesting that he may have been a key member of the Minstrel performances by Glee and Dramatic Club. <a href="http://memory.richmond.edu/items/show/62" target="_blank">A Collegian review of a performance in January 1921 notes that George played “Uncle George” in a popular minstrel show.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource periodicals Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "George Reynolds Freedley." The Messenger LI, no. 6 (June 1925): 17. University Archives, RG 24 Student Publications. Virginia Baptist Historical Society. Subject The topic of the resource Blackface College students, Men College students, White College theater Minstrel shows Minstrels Performance Racism Title A name given to the resource Essay "George Reynolds Freedley" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Messenger, University of Richmond Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MessengerLI.6.17-1925.jpg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/851cfcdeb7f58e937c017142727317c7.jpg 2e80adaf07f91343b4283db077cb3318 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Shira Smillie Cory Schutter Irina Rogova Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1923-02-16 Description An account of the resource John Powell, distinguished as a pianist and white supremacist, helped form a chapter of the Anglo-Saxon Club of America at the University of Richmond. The purpose of the club was to preserve Anglo-Saxon civilization in the United States and to participate in the "intelligent selection and exclusion of immigrants". In a talk given to history students, Powell discussed the "problem of absorption of the negro race by the Anglo-Saxon." and concluded that this would result in the degradation of the "stronger race." The history department was chaired by Dr. S.C. Mitchell at the time. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "John Powell Helps Form Anglo-Saxon Club." The Richmond Collegian IX, no. 18, (February 16, 1923): 7. <a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19230216.2.47&srpos=2&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN" target="_blank">http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19230216.2.47&srpos=2&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN</a> Subject The topic of the resource College students, Men College students, White Mitchell, Samuel Chiles, 1864-1948 Racism Racism in language Student organizations Universities and colleges--Faculty White supremacy movements Xenophobia Title A name given to the resource Article "John Powell Helps Form Anglo-Saxon Club" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RichmondCollegianIX.18.7-19230216.jpg Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/baf21b0772124ec3bcfae5f4cc2c9d21.JPG ee94044716f7ba9553cc9b69fc026b60 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Sharon Lim Irina Rogova Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1922-09-29 Description An account of the resource This article is about the Director of Club's decision to replace the Glee Club with the Male Choral Society. The article equates a minstrel performance with "some lighter and more frivolous class of entertainment." A minstrel show is an entertainment show that consisted of dancing, music, and comedy, and was mainly performed by white people in blackface. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Choral Society is to be Formed by Director of Club." The Richmond Collegian IX, no. 3 (September 29, 1922): 1, 8. <a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19220929.2.5&srpos=2&e=01-01-1922-31-12-1922--en-50--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank">http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19220929.2.5&srpos=2&e=01-01-1922-31-12-1922--en-50--1--txt-txIN-</a> Subject The topic of the resource Blackface College students, Men College students, White Glee clubs Minstrel shows Minstrels Performance Racism Title A name given to the resource Article "Choral Society Is To Be Formed By Director of Club" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RichmondCollegianIX.3.1-19220929.JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/fdd945c71eb605a26e349c5f3c908697.jpg 36ad4328b426314ca951429577801b13 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Aggy Barnowski Cory Schutter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norris, William R. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970-10-23 Description An account of the resource This letter to the editor was written by William Norris, a Richmond College freshman. In this letter, Norris expresses his opinions on the US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW), and suggests that by asking the university to diversify its student body, that HEW has asked the university to lower academic standards. He believed that this would, "destroy education for the sake of a numerical ratio." He also accused HEW of blackmail and misappropriation of funds.  Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "HEW Angers RC Freshman." The University of Richmond Collegian LVIII, no. 6, (October 23, 1970): 2,3. <a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19701023.2.12&srpos=1&e=--1955---1971--en-20--1--txt-txIN" target="_blank">http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19701023.2.12&srpos=1&e=--1955---1971--en-20--1--txt-txIN</a> Subject The topic of the resource College integration College students, Men College students, White Intervention (Federal government) United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Title A name given to the resource Letter to the Editor "HEW Angers RC Freshman" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CollegianLVIII.6.2-19701023.jpg