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                <text>Article "Civil Rights Issue: Hays Challenges Christians"</text>
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                <text>Kidd, June Lee</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1959-02-13</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va).</text>
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                <text>This article discusses how congressman Brooks Hays said that Christians had &amp;ldquo;grown soft&amp;rdquo; during this time. He claimed that he was not an advocate for mass integration, but that he was against discrimination. He expressed that Christians must draw on their resources and continue to believe in the rule of the law when it came to integration. Hays had just lost his first election in 25 years, a bid for congressman in Arkansas, because he was labeled as too moderate on the issue of integration. He was also president of the Southern Baptist Convention, and stated while he did not support the tactics of the NAACP, he would not "deny them their rights."</text>
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                <text>"Civil Rights Issue: Hays Challenges Christians." &lt;em&gt;The Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; XLVI no. 13, (February 13, 1959): 4. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19590213.2.25&amp;amp;srpos=1&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="&amp;quot;_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19590213.2.25&amp;amp;srpos=1&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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              <text>Destiny Riley</text>
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                <text>Article "Integration Topic Of Meeting of FTA"</text>
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                <text>At a Future Teachers of America Club meeting in March of 1956, the members discussed how integration would affect teachers. Mrs. Zada D. Carver, senior counselor and sponsor of the FTA Club at John Marshall High School, and Dr. Spencer D. Albright, professor of political science at Richmond College, were the two guest speakers. Constitutional aspects of integration were discussed, as well as teachers&amp;rsquo; attitudes towards integration. Both Carver and Albright stressed that integration should not be rushed, but that it can be worked out in time.</text>
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                <text>Brown v. Board</text>
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                <text>"Integration Topic Of Meeting of FTA." &lt;em&gt;The Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; XLII no. 6, (March 23, 1956): 1. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19560323.2.5&amp;amp;srpos=1&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="&amp;quot;_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19560323.2.5&amp;amp;srpos=1&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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              <text>Tucker Shelley</text>
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                <text>Article "UR has investments in South Africa"</text>
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                <text>Mendell, Lisa</text>
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                <text>Oakes, Cynthia</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1985-10-24</text>
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                <text>This article addresses the University of Richmond's investments in South Africa during apartheid. It explains how different governments are divesting in South African companies following the Sullivan Principles, a set of guidelines a company must follow regarding diversity and protesting the apartheid state in South Africa, a government system founded on racial segregation. President Heilman had revealed that the University does have investments in South Africa, but was unsure of their extent, and the Board of Trustees had appointed a committee chaired by Stanley F. Pauley to investigate the university's portfolio and consider divestment. The university had had a similar committee a few years prior. The university's first black tenured professor, Dr. Lorenzo Simpson, is quoted: "Selective divestment (according to the Sullivan Principles) is a way of prematurely diffusing outrage...I'm not criticizing the Sullivan principles, I'm saying that they don't go far enough."</text>
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                <text>Collegian72.8.1-19851024.png</text>
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                <text>Mendell, Lisa and Cynthia Oakes. "UR has investments in South Africa" &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 72, no. 8 (October 24, 1985): 1. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19851024.2.2&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19851024.2.2&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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              <text>Karissa Lim</text>
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                <text>Letter from George M. Modlin to Lillian M. Weaver</text>
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                <text>Modlin, George Matthews, 1903-1998</text>
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                <text>correspondence</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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                <text>This document is a letter from George M. Modlin, the President at the University of Richmond, to Lillian M. Weaver, the Chairman of the Commission on Democracy in the Schools, that was sent on September 24, 1951. This letter was sent in response to Weaver’s August 24, 1951 letter that asked about the University of Richmond’s admission policies for black students; the August 24th letter was originally sent to Dean Raymond B. Pinchbeck who passed the letter to Modlin. Modlin wrote to Weaver that "[u]nder the regulations of the University of Richmond Negroes are not admitted for study in any of the six divisions of the University and, therefore, the answer is negative to the five questions presented in [her] letter." This policy changed in 1964—13 years later—when the university began to admit black students to night classes at University College.</text>
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                <text>College presidents</text>
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                <text>This letter was sent on August 24, 1951, by Lillian M. Weaver, the Chairman of the Commission on Democracy in the Schools, to Raymond B. Pinchbeck, a Dean at the University of Richmond. In this letter, Weaver wrote "the Virginia Teachers Association’s Commission on Democracy in the Schools is aware of the substantial progress which has been made in the admission of Negroes in the colleges and universities in Virginia." Therefore, Weaver asked Pinchbeck for a statement on the university’s policies regarding the admission of black students. Specifically, she asked the following five questions: "Will Negro teachers be admitted to study in the summer sessions of the University of Richmond?", "Will Negro teachers be admitted to study in the regular session of the University of Richmond?", "Will Negro students be permitted to study in the extension division of the College?", "Will Negro teachers be admitted to the University of Richmond to study for the doctorate degree provided they have met necessary qualifications?", and "Will Negro teachers be admitted to the University of Richmond to work on their Master's degree?"</text>
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                <text>Modlin, George Matthews, 1903-1998</text>
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                <text>This document is a letter from John E. Leard, the City Editor for &lt;em&gt;The Richmond News Leader&lt;/em&gt;, to President George M. Modlin. On April 23, 1954, Leard wrote to Modlin to ask about the university’s plans for "expansion of their facilities in the event of a Supreme Court decision striking down public school segregation as an unconstitutional practice," which was &lt;em&gt;Brown v Board&lt;/em&gt;. He asked Modlin about the university’s present enrollment, present maximum capacity, academic training offerings, expansion plans, fees and other entrance requirements, possible changes in charges, and related information. Leard wanted to use the information in a news story following the &lt;em&gt;Brown v Board&lt;/em&gt; ruling.</text>
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                <text>On September 10, 1963, Executive Director of the University of Richmond Young Democratic Club, Dabney Lee, wrote the Mayor of Farmville, Virginia, William Watkins, on behalf of a black minister, Rev. L. F. Griffin, in Farmville.  Lee began the letter by expressing the importance of having an increase in both the quantity and quality of public accommodations in Farmville.  He believed that Farmville officials should already know that businesses shouldn't be able to discriminate, and should treat all customers equally, regardless of race.  Lee then made a list of requests to the administration of the Mayor: remove discriminatory practices in hiring, "the immediate hiring of colored policemen," end segregation, conduct a study to facilitate better housing for all citizens, and to construct "bi-racial committees...to make progress towards a truly American community."  The University of Richmond Secretary-Treasurer, Charles Wheeler III, notified President Modlin of this letter on October 4, 1963.  Wheeler had previously had a conversation with Dabney Lee, and Lee claimed that the letter was his idea and the Young Democratic Club did not approve the letter, "but he was sure that was the feeling of the Club."</text>
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                <text>Letter from Dabney Lee to Mayor William Watkins, 10 September 1963, RG 6.2.4 Box 29 Folder 13, University Archives, Virginia Baptist Historical Society.</text>
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              <text>Jennifer Munnings</text>
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                <text>Article "B.S.U. Adopts Resolution on Racial Issue"</text>
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                <text>The article in &lt;em&gt;The Collegian&lt;/em&gt; called &amp;ldquo;B.S.U. Adopts Resolution on Racial Issue,&amp;rdquo; published May 16th, 1958 discusses the Virginia Student Baptist Union (BSU) at their spring retreat held April 18-20, 1958, at which they adopted a resolution on racial discrimination. The students adopted these measures because they felt the racist ideology often harboured in churches is incompatible with the teachings of the Bible. The resolution called for racial inclusivity in the church and on college campuses affiliated with the Southern Baptist church, and it additionally called for protection for church leadership, that they may voice their opinion without fear of economic consequence.</text>
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                <text>"B.S.U. Adopts Resolution on Racial Issue." &lt;em&gt;The Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; XLV, no. 29, (May 16, 1958): 3. &lt;a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19580516.2.19&amp;amp;srpos=13&amp;amp;e=--1919---1977--en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19580516.2.19&amp;amp;srpos=13&amp;amp;e=--1919---1977--en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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