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              <text>Cory Schutter</text>
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                <text>Letter and review from W. Carter Younger to Raymond Hatcher</text>
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                <text>1979-12-28</text>
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                <text>This December 28, 1979 letter is from University of Richmond counsel W. Carter Younger to Raymond Hatcher of the U. S. Office of Civil Rights, Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW). The letter describes the plans of the graduate school and law school to increase minority enrollment in several different ways. Younger notes Dewey E. Dodds's letter dated September 28, 1979, which cleared the  University of Richmond from a claim that it currently had discriminatory policies. Younger acknowledges that "the alleged policy against admitting blacks was abolished in 1964."  Younger writes that Dodds' letter stated that affirmative action was necessary to overcome "the alleged effects of such pre Civil Rights Act policy." Younger contests the idea that the University "underutilized" minority students. Younger justifies the low minority enrollment rate at T. C. Williams School of Law by noting that private institutions are significantly more expensive than state law schools, making it improper to compare state school statistics to private school statistics. Younger offers an alternative viewpoint, cross referencing data from similarly sized private institutions to show that the University has a higher minority enrollment rate compared to similar institutions. Younger argues that Dodds' use of statistics are not taking into account the context of the University and the competitive nature of institutions of higher learning in the greater Richmond area. Younger notes that the committee for self-evaluation will meet on January 7, 1980. Included with the letter are two enclosures, reviews of the Graduate School affirmative action plan and the School of Law affirmative action plan. The Graduate School affirmative action plan begins with an assessment on why the University has lower numbers of minority students, primarily because of the presence of less expensive state schools. To combat these low numbers, the University plans to encourage applications from undergraduate schools with high proportion of minority students. The plan also reviews financial aid, recruiting "disadvantaged full-time students", and implementing non-discriminatory practices. The plan also reviews job placement, with a non-discrimination policy when connecting students to future employers. The second review is the School of Law Affirmative Action Plan. The plan discusses recruiting and admissions, starting with active recruiting from "colleges which have a high proportion of minority students" including: Virginia State University, Virginia Union University, Hampton Institute, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical, Morehouse College, Morris-Brown College, Spelman College, Clark, and Atlanta University. The plan identifies the utilization of current minority law students as a key part of their recruiting efforts. The plan discusses non-discriminatory placement within the job center, with goals to represent and include minority students. The plan also has a sample of a counseling center visit log, which corresponds to reasons for visit, service codes, and divisions.</text>
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                <text>Letter and review from W. Carter Younger to Raymond Hatcher, 28 December 1979, RG 6.2.5 Box 25 Folder 5 “U.S. Government - HEW - Civil Rights "Compliance Review" (April 1979), University Archives, Virginia Baptist Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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                  <text>Includes all documents collected by students in Digital Memory &amp; the Archive (Fall 2016).</text>
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                <text>Bailey Duplessie</text>
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                <text>Virginia Baptist Historical Society, George M. Modlin Papers</text>
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                <text>This document contains correspondence between President Modlin and Law School Dean William T. Muse. Muse informed Modlin of an upcoming meeting on Racial Discrimination of the AALS (Association of American Law Schools). Dean Muse requested that Modlin attend this meeting. Muse included in his letter two attachments - a letter from the Dean of the Washington &amp; Lee Law School as well as the Notice of Conferences that Dean Williams sent along with his letter to Dean Muse.  </text>
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                <text>RG 6.2.4.3 Box 29, Folder 13 </text>
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                <text>Letter from Dean William T. Muse to President Modlin and attachments. July 15, 1955 .Letter. Virginia Baptist Historical Society, George M. Modlin Papers</text>
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                <text>Letter from Dean William T. Muse to President Modlin and attachments </text>
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              <text>Sabrina Garcia</text>
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                <text>Taylor, Tanya</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>This 1991 &lt;em&gt;Collegian&lt;/em&gt; article focuses on a legal battle that was between Harry Snead, a T.C. Williams School of Law professor and the University of Richmond. Snead was suspended from classroom teaching in November 1988 due to his "sexist and racial remarks in the classroom." His lawsuit against the University was on the basis that being suspended from teaching was a violation of his tenured rights. In response, the University demanded that Snead assure the University that he would not make any more sexual or racist remarks, and he refused. Snead explained how "it's mainly blacks, women and certain religious groups that have this fervor to make you say things just the way they want you to say them." The dispute was eventually settled the day of the trial, and the settlement was kept sealed by order of the court. Snead remained as a paid member of the faculty but was not permitted to teach.</text>
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                <text>Taylor, Tanya. "UR, law professor settle out of court." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 77, no. 14, (January 1, 1991): 2. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19910124.2.2&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19910124.2.2&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-"&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Report "Statement of the Dissenting Views of Dean F. D. G. Ribble of the University of Virginia Law School"</text>
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                <text>Ribble, F. D. G.</text>
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                <text>This document, "Statement of the Dissenting Views of Dean F. D. G. Ribble of the University of Virginia Law School," was attached to the end of "Report of Special Committee on Racial Discrimination for 1955." In this document, Ribble acknowledged that the Committee’s proposal was "excellent" but that the Association should "postpone the use of [its power of expulsion]." At non-complying schools, there was strong opposition to compliance from the public; if a court ordered desegregation, he wrote, then the "bitter and punishing opposition" may decrease or disappear. Non-complying schools would integrate if they could. Expulsion from the Association would be detrimental to the professors at non-compliant institutions. In addition, he wanted to wait until the incoming President of the Association of American Law Schools took his position since he was from the University of North Carolina and was more familiar with the problems facing non-complying schools.</text>
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                <text>The section on segregation from the T.C Williams School of Law's report states that black students are now eligible to attend twenty-five out of the thirty-eight Southern law schools with Vanderbilt School of Law being the latest addition to the list. According to the Association of American Law Schools, it is best to not abandon non-segregation of law schools, but rather to act as a "mediator" to schools so they can "work out their problems as conditions change." University of Richmond continued to be one of the thirteen Southern law schools to not allow black students in its law school.</text>
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                <text>This document is a letter from T. Justin Moore, a University of Richmond trustee and alumnus, to Homer A. Holt that was sent on December 8, 1955. Moore wrote to Holt regarding the American Law School Association’s discrimination report. University President George M. Modlin attended a meeting of college and university presidents and talked to them about the report: "it was the consensus of opinion that it would be inadvisable for us to undertake to organize a campaign prior to the meeting in Chicago…but that the fourteen Southern Schools now directly affected should have representatives at the meeting and the Deans of the Law Schools should make a vigorous fight on the floor and in personal conferences with other friends in an effort to defeat the resolutions." Moore asked for Holt’s help in defeating the resolutions. He also pointed out that in the Committee report "there will be no way whereby a negro who claims he has been discriminated against can obtain any action from the American Law School Association…unless the Dean of the Law School certifies that the negro was refused admission solely on the basis of race," so if this interpretation was correct, they had a "considerable area in which to operate and yet keep most of the negroes out."</text>
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                <text>This document is a letter from President George M. Modlin to the University of Virginia School of Law Dean F. D. G Ribble that was sent on February 15, 1952. This letter was sent in response to the "Report and Resolution on racial discrimination," in which the Association of American Law Schools addressed racial problems in law schools. However, the University of Richmond’s Board of Trustees believed that the Association’s resolution was "extreme" considering that "different institutions have dissimilar problems and operate under different conditions." Therefore, the Trustees’ opinion was that racial segregation at the University of Richmond "will disappear more or less gradually and naturally" and were concerned that the Association was forcing the immediate elimination of segregation.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This document is a collection of correspondence between President George M. Modlin and Minister Milton A. Reid of the First Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia. Reid applied to the T.C Williams Schools of Law in 1960, despite the segregation policy still in place at the time. On July 5, 1960, Reid wrote to Modlin: &amp;ldquo;In this era of sociological change, if it is felt that a Negro might be admitted on a trial basis, I am going to be selfish enough to suggest to you that &amp;lsquo;I am he.&amp;rsquo;&amp;rdquo; Reid then told Modlin of his past achievements--serving four years in the Army, spending many years as a religious counselor to youth, and A.B. and B.D. degrees from Virginia Union University. On August 24, 1960, Modlin replied stating again the university&amp;rsquo;s segregation policy, but told Reid: &amp;ldquo;If the University&amp;rsquo;s policy is changed in the near future, I am sure that we would be proud to have a man like you as the first Negro to enroll in our Law school.&amp;rdquo;&amp;nbsp; Reid followed up on May 7, 1962, asking again to be considered for acceptance into the law school.&amp;nbsp; Dean Muse of the Law School forwarded the correspondence to President Modlin, noting &amp;ldquo;I regret, even more, to say that the letter concerns a potential application from a Negro.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
It should be noted that Milton A. Reid was a prominent civil rights activist in Virginia, founding the Virginia chapter of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and challenging segregation in Petersburg through non-violent protest, including an incident in which he was arrested for a sit-in at the white-only area of the Petersburg bus terminal caf&amp;eacute;.&amp;nbsp; He worked closely with Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. during his visits to Virginia.&amp;nbsp; For more on Reid, read his obituary &lt;a href="http://pilotonline.com/news/norfolk-civil-rights-leader-milton-reid-dies-at/article_1b58d4a0-aedc-52ea-8384-fc2e454dc4c4.html" target="_blank"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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&#13;
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