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              <text>Catherine Franceski</text>
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                <text>The Web 1948 Law School Photo Collage</text>
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                <text>The Web, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>In the bottom right photo, an American soldier can be seen holding up the Japanese flag in a law school photo collage. It is noteworthy that the flag is not the Rising Sun Flag, or Kyokujitsu-ki, which was commonly used by the Japanese during World War II, but rather the "sun-mark flag," or Nisshōki. This may be symbolic of America's defeat of Japan in the war.</text>
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                <text>Web.86-1948.jpg</text>
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                <text>The Web 1948</text>
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                <text>Virginia Baptist Historical Society, The Web (1948): 86. Available online via the &lt;a href="%E2%80%9Chttps%3A//scholarship.richmond.edu/the-web/43/%E2%80%9D"&gt;UR Scholarship Repository. &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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                  <text>1946-1971</text>
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                  <text>Includes all documents collected by students in Digital Memory &amp; the Archive (Fall 2016).</text>
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                <text>Madeleine Jordan-Lord</text>
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                <text>Archives 15.1 BP </text>
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                <text>1954-1955</text>
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                <text>In the 1954-1955 section of the President's Report titled "Report of The T.C. Williams School of Law," there was a brief subsection labelled "Segregation" which told of the role of the Association of American Law Schools in addressing segregation within law schools. The President's Report wrote that although non-segregation was made an "objective" by the association, it was not then made a "requirement." Of the 130 member schools, only 16 law schools remained segregated by 1955--eleven of which were privately endowed institutions in the South. The Report, however, did not provide any information specific to the University of Richmond. </text>
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                <text>President's Report </text>
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                <text>p. 29</text>
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              <text>Karissa Lim</text>
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                <text>Report "Statement of the Dissenting Views of Dean F. D. G. Ribble of the University of Virginia Law School"</text>
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                <text>Ribble, F. D. G.</text>
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                <text>1955-10-24</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>administrative reports</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This document, "Statement of the Dissenting Views of Dean F. D. G. Ribble of the University of Virginia Law School," was attached to the end of "Report of Special Committee on Racial Discrimination for 1955." In this document, Ribble acknowledged that the Committee’s proposal was "excellent" but that the Association should "postpone the use of [its power of expulsion]." At non-complying schools, there was strong opposition to compliance from the public; if a court ordered desegregation, he wrote, then the "bitter and punishing opposition" may decrease or disappear. Non-complying schools would integrate if they could. Expulsion from the Association would be detrimental to the professors at non-compliant institutions. In addition, he wanted to wait until the incoming President of the Association of American Law Schools took his position since he was from the University of North Carolina and was more familiar with the problems facing non-complying schools.</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Brown v. Board</text>
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                <text>Segregation</text>
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                <text>UA6.2.4.22.16-19551024.jpg</text>
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                <text>Statement of the Dissenting Views of Dean F. D. G. Ribble of the University of Virginia Law School, 24 Oct 1955, RG 6.2.4 box 22 folder 16, University Archives, Virginia Baptist Historical Society.</text>
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              <text>Karissa Lim</text>
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                <text>Report "Report of Special Committee on Racial Discrimination for 1955"</text>
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                <text>administrative reports</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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                <text>This document is a report titled "Report of Special Committee on Racial Discrimination for 1955" written by the Association of American Law Schools. The report outlined the Association’s new policies on equal opportunity in legal education and the consequences member schools may face if they did not comply. At the Association’s 1950 meeting, it resolved that it "‘opposes the continued maintenance of segregation or discrimination in legal education on racial grounds, and asserts its belief that it is the professional duty of all member schools to abolish any such practices at the earliest possible time.’" This report was the result of that resolution. At the time of its publication, "sixteen member schools have not yet admitted Negro students or announced a readiness to admit them," which the Association found "disappointing" especially considering the Association’s adoption of an amendment to its Articles of Association and Brown v. Board of Education. The Association’s amendment stated that one of its objectives was "‘Equality of opportunity in legal education without discrimination or segregation on the ground of race or color.’" After Brown v. Board, only a few schools had desegregated; the Association’s Special Committee was doubtful that integration would occur "‘if the Association engages only in exhortation and watchful waiting, and the need for action of a more positive character by the Association will therefore have to be considered.’"&lt;p&gt;In the report, the Association made it clear that continued membership in the Association was contingent on compliance with the new objective. The Association also acknowledged that "Law and its procedures have been used in countless ways as the instrumentalities of discrimination" but "our law has become an agency of emancipation and correction." The report claimed that segregation in law schools is ironic because now "it is the law that is being invoked to end segregation in education." Opponents to the Association’s sanctions argued that the Association "may encourage, but should not require, conformity with the ideals of a majority of its members." They also addressed other oppositional viewpoints, such as public institutions that refuse to comply and schools experiencing "humiliation" by admitting a black student.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The report proposed the following amendments: The Committee’s Specific Case Approach, The Nature of the Sanction, The Conditions to the Proposed Sanctions Operation, The Authority to Defer Action, Action by the Association in Excluding and Reinstating Schools, and Reports of Non-Compliance. The Committee’s Specific Case Approach called for equal opportunity in legal education and denounced "discriminatory denials of admission," which was the "most important barrier to equal opportunity." It also stated that schools that did not comply would be excluded from membership in the Association. Schools that denied a black applicant—not schools that did not have any black applicants—would be excluded from membership. The Nature of the Sanction called for amending the Articles of Association to add the new sanctions. The Conditions to the Proposed Sanction’s Operation acknowledged that "Negro applicants may sometimes in fact be handicapped in meeting [admissions standards] by inadequate prior education" and that some institutions may put admissions standards in place that may be impossible for black applicants to meet; it called for an investigation if the Association found that a school denied admission based solely on race or color. The Authority to Defer Action permitted the Committee "to defer temporarily a recommendation to the Association that the discriminating school be excluded" as a "precaution against cutting off opportunities for constructive action by member schools." Action by the Association in Excluding and Reinstating Schools described the exclusion and reinstatement processes. Reports of Noncompliance called for a system of reporting compliance with the Association’s standards and requirements.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>This document is a report entitled "Interim Report by the Special Committee on Racial Discrimination for 1955 (without Recommendation for or against its Adoption)" written by the Association of American Law Schools. The report was attached to a letter from David F. Cavers, Associate Dean and Professor of Law of Harvard Law School and Chairman of Special Committee for the Association of American Law Schools, to William T. Muse, Dean of the T. C. Williams School of Law, and Cavers asked Muse for any comments and criticisms in regards to the report. The Special Committee met with member schools after the Brown v. Board of Education decision to discuss their anti-discrimination policy; all but one member school attended, which may be in reference to Homer A. Holt’s memorandum sent on September 8, 1955. On the encouraging side, one major private institution in the South decided to admit black students into its law program and there were two state universities that were likely to do the same; in addition, faculties and student bodies at law schools seemed ready to welcome black students. However, the public was becoming increasingly resistant to integration, private institutions were worried that financial contributions would decrease if they admitted black students, some believed the Association’s intervention would be ineffective. The report included a draft proposal that detailed the proposed amendment, consequences for members who did not follow the new policy, and resolutions.</text>
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                <text>This is the Affirmative Action Plan for The T.C. Williams School Of Law. This document acknowledges the responsibility of the T.C Williams School of Law as a part of the University of Richmond to provide equal opportunity to minority students.This document mentions that equal opportunity will be provided to any graduate or professional studies student and also acknowledges that diversity among the student body is very important to the university. Dr. William Leftwich, Vice President for Student Affairs will be in charge of implementing the plan and overseeing departments to make sure the plan is implemented to its fullest. The equal opportunity policy will be efficiently communicated to faculty and staff by the Dean of the Law School through memos and meetings. The policy will also be published in the bulletins, catalogues, admission documents and other law school communication open to the public. The plan pointed out that the T.C Williams School of Law has been proactively trying to recruit minority students but is being undercut by the high number of law schools nearby and lower tuition rates of those law schools. The law school will actively recruit minority students by making it providing equal opportunity, financial aid and recruiting from undergraduate institutions with a high number of minority students including Virginia Union University, Hampton Institute, Virginia State University and Atlanta University. Also, the placement process for jobs will be practicing the equal opportunity policy along with providing minority students with additional help during this process.&#13;
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                <text>"Affirmative Action Plan for The T.C. Williams School Of Law of The University of Richmond," 1980, R.G. 6.2.5 Box 25 Folder 6, University Archives, Virginia Baptist Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>The section on segregation from the T.C Williams School of Law's report states that black students are now eligible to attend twenty-five out of the thirty-eight Southern law schools with Vanderbilt School of Law being the latest addition to the list. According to the Association of American Law Schools, it is best to not abandon non-segregation of law schools, but rather to act as a "mediator" to schools so they can "work out their problems as conditions change." University of Richmond continued to be one of the thirteen Southern law schools to not allow black students in its law school.</text>
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261 Richmond Way, Richmond, VA 23173</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/transcripts/SlaughterRaymond_Richard-Yi_Transcript_20190609.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Click here for the transcript file.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>In this oral history interview, retired professor of accounting Raymond Slaughter (&amp;lsquo;77-&amp;lsquo;18) sat down with Cole Richard (&amp;rsquo;21) and Jenifer Yi (&amp;rsquo;22) on June 10, 2019, in Boatwright Memorial Library. Over the course of the one hour interview, Slaughter discussed his experience as the first black professor in the business school and one of the few black professors university-wide, including his educational background at Historically Black Colleges and Universities prior to coming to Richmond, the hiring and tenure processes, and his service-focused academic career. Slaughter also reflected on institutional changes he would like to see in order to reduce discrimination and promote diversity in faculty.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/SlaughterRaymond_1980.jpg" alt="" /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Raymond Slaughter was born in 1945 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Kentucky State University in 1967, and attended Howard University Law School and obtained his law degree in 1970. In 1971, he received his MBA in Business Administration from the University of Pennsylvania. He worked for public accounting firm Ernst &amp;amp; Ernst in Detroit Michigan, and then began teaching at Bucknell University. In 1977, he moved to Richmond and began teaching in the accounting department of the Robins School of Business, where he taught for 41 years before his retirement in 2018.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Race &amp; Racism at UR Project Oral History Collection</text>
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                <text>This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (Raymond Slaughter). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race &amp; Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes.</text>
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University of Richmond&#13;
102 UR Drive, Richmond, VA 23173</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/transcripts/WaldenDarrell_Brown__Transcript_20190325.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Click here for the transcript file.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>In this oral history interview, professor of accounting Dr. Darrell Walden sat down with Marissa Brown ('19) on March 25, 2019, in Walden's office in the Robins School of Business. Over the course of the one hour interview, Walden spoke about being born and raised in Richmond during school desegregation, his family and their business, attending Virginia Union University for undergraduate studies--including studying under the first Black woman to become a CPA in Virginia, Dr. Ruth Harris, transitioning to Syracuse University for his graduate education, working in Fortune 500 companies, transitioning to teaching, getting his PhD at Virginia Commonwealth University, and coming to teach at the University of Richmond 25 years ago. On his time at UR, Dr. Walden shares his experience as one of two Black faculty members in the Robins School of Business, the struggles of the tenure process, being chair of the accounting department for 12 years, and reflects on his hopes for the university moving forward.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/WaldenDarrell_2004.JPG" alt="" /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Dr. W. Darrell Walden was born and raised in Richmond, VA where he currently lives. He is the father of two adult daughters and has four grandchildren.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Dr. Walden worked his way through college and earned his B.S. in Accounting with honors from Virginia Union University (VUU). At VUU, Dr. Ruth C. Harris, the first Black woman CPA in Virginia, was his teacher and mentor. One year after graduating from VUU he earned his M.S. in Accounting from Syracuse University as an IBM student fellow. His mother, Theresa C. Walden, was the chief accountant at VUU. His uncle, Robert W. Coles, Jr., was one of the first 100 Black CPAs in the United States. Prior to his academic career, his professional career experience has included work in the Controllers&amp;rsquo; staff and corporate tax departments of two Fortune 500 companies. Dr. Walden is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) licensed in Virginia, and consults with a number of firms in the central Virginia area.&amp;nbsp; Dr. Walden earned his Ph.D. in Business with honors from Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) where he majored in Accounting, and minored in Finance and Information Systems. Dr. Walden was among only 24 Blacks out of 1206 Ph.D.s in Business earned in 1994 (Blacks earned only 2% of these degrees in the 1990s). He is a charter member of the &lt;em&gt;PhD Project&amp;mdash;Accounting Doctoral Association&lt;/em&gt;. He belongs to Beta Gamma Sigma, national honor society.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Dr. Walden is currently Department Chair and a tenured Associate Professor of Accounting in the Robins School of Business at the University of Richmond (UR). While Department Chair over the last 12 years, he has help elevate the AACSB accredited accounting program to national prominence including high CPA exam pass rates. He also teaches at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. While at UR, he has been awarded the University&amp;rsquo;s &lt;em&gt;Faculty Story Award&lt;/em&gt; given to faculty who model community-building relations and world-changing service. He has also been awarded the University&amp;rsquo;s &lt;em&gt;Excellence in Teaching, Learning and Technology Award&lt;/em&gt;. The VCU African American Alumni Council named Dr. Walden &amp;ldquo;&lt;em&gt;2007 Alumnus of the Year&lt;/em&gt;&amp;rdquo; for his &amp;ldquo;Black History in the Making&amp;rdquo; efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Prior to his tenure at UR, he taught at three other universities including the prestigious Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University in Provo UT.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (Dr. Darrell Walden). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race &amp; Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes.</text>
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