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                <text>Ishmail Conway, Director of the Luther P. Jackson Cultural Center at the University of Virginia, was a guest speaker at the University of Richmond during Black History Month. During his speech, he focused on the importance and significance behind Black Greek Organizations, specifically the impact that these black fraternities and sororities made on historically white college campuses. There was particular emphasis on the traditions within these black fraternities and sororities that were regarded as &amp;ldquo;hazing&amp;rdquo; by the white communities at white institutions. The discrepancies within hazing when comparing white greek organizations to black greek organizations were highlighted as students from Alpha Kappa Alpha and Delta Sigma Theta sorority&amp;rsquo;s continued discussing similar matters after the speech.</text>
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                <text>Matthews, Marla. "Past, future of black Greek organizations discussed." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 81, no. 19, (March 2, 1995): 3. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19950302.2.23&amp;amp;srpos=239&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19950302.2.23&amp;amp;srpos=239&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This 1907 &lt;em&gt;Messenger&lt;/em&gt; essay details the University's history as it is described as a matter of great interest to students and the community. Among the history of the foundation of the college, there is discussion of a "colored" server named Tom who Mr. Ryland mentioned often. Tom "the cupbearer" was said to be extremely speedy at serving and clearing the dishes, and "enjoyed keenly the honors of the position, and regarded himself as one of the early graduates." There is also discussion of the Civil War, in regards to how Richmond College needed to shut down as many of its students went off to fight in the war, and the institution itself was used as a hospital.</text>
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                <text>This article was written to highlight the words and writing of Angela Davis. She spent her career focusing on the stereotypes of black men and the oppression of black women, especially during suffrage movements. She debunked the "myth" of the black rapist and explained black women's expendable roles in the bourgois suffrage movement.</text>
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                <text>Whitney, Harvey. "Figures in black history: Angela Davis" &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 76, no. 16 (February 8, 1990): 4. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19900208.2.28&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19900208.2.28&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>In this article, Whitney articulates the history of dialectic of racial conflicts. He described black people as the "antithesis" of the prevailing class. He uses philosophical arguments to map the history of the oppression of black people from the Bible, through the trans-Atlantic slave trade, and into the modern day. He ends by noting what he believes to be a "historically naive" Supreme Court decision which "turned its back on affirmative action," like referring to &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Richmond_v._J.A._Croson_Co." target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;City of Richmond v. Croson&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Whitney, Harvey. "Dialect of Racial Conflict" &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 76, no. 2 (September 14, 1989): 4. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19890914.2.11&amp;amp;srpos=1&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19890914.2.11&amp;amp;srpos=1&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Hobbs, Bari Jean, "In White America." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; LVI, no. 17, (February 14, 1969): 10. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19690214.2.53&amp;amp;srpos=47&amp;amp;e=------196-en-20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19690214.2.53&amp;amp;srpos=47&amp;amp;e=------196-en-20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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