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              <text>Tegan Helms</text>
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                <text>Article "A Woman on the Field?"</text>
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                <text>Glassick, Judy</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>This article in &lt;em&gt;The Collegian&lt;/em&gt; addresses Anne Hurley, the school’s only female athletic trainer in October of 1975, and her appearance on the sideline of Richmond’s first home football game. Hurley, also a sophomore at Westhampton, faced a lot of controversy for her appearance as the only female on the sideline. According to a few sources, she was often made fun of for being the only female to help take care of the football players. Despite the negativity she faced, Hurley enjoyed her role in the athletic department and hoped she is making a helpful difference for the football players.</text>
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                <text>Women college students</text>
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                <text>Glassick, Judy. "A Woman on The Field?" &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; LXIII, no.6, (October 09, 1975): 11. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19751009.2.41&amp;amp;srpos=3&amp;amp;e=------197-en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19751009.2.41&amp;amp;srpos=3&amp;amp;e=------197-en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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              <text>Catherine Franceski</text>
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                <text>Article "Annual Conference to Feature 'Partners in Humanity' Theme"</text>
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                <text>Farrell, Rick</text>
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                <text>This &lt;em&gt;Collegian&lt;/em&gt; article describes the Women's Lifestyle Committee's annual "Lifestyles Conference," which was held from January 27-29 in the winter of 1978. The theme of 1978 was "Partners in Humanity." The article subtly hints at the state of gender relations at the time. It says, "The workshop entitled 'Male Female Relating' will attempt to exercise activities so that men and women can regard each other as fellow human beings." The Women's Lifestyle Committee was a student organization created with the goal of helping Westhampton women achieve the ideal of femininity at the time. Although it was branded as a self-improvement effort, it reveals the deeply entrenched gender norms that existed on campus at the time, and the emphasis placed on them. Every year, the Women&amp;rsquo;s Lifestyles committee held &amp;ldquo;February Follies,&amp;rdquo; a week-long event with the goal of helping women "look their best."</text>
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                <text>Farrell, Rick. "Annual Conference to Feature 'Partners in Humanity' Theme" &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 65, no. 13 (January 26, 1978): 5. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19780126.2.32&amp;amp;srpos=13&amp;amp;e=------197-en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19780126.2.32&amp;amp;srpos=13&amp;amp;e=------197-en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Maryam Tahseen</text>
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                <text>Reynolds, Elizabeth</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>1970-12-11</text>
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                <text>In this &lt;em&gt;Collegian&lt;/em&gt; article by staff writer Elizabeth Reynolds, a lecture series on different forms of contraception organized by Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) is summarized. Director of Religious Activities Jean Mahaffey said that the purpose of the lecture was to be "educational and informative" and in no way was advocating for the use of birth control. Dr. Maltese talked about The Dalton Shield and The Pill as two contraceptives with very low failure rates while addressing a group of 50 Westhampton College women. She further referred to abortion after the end of second month as "feticide" and argued that the government should set a time limit on when an abortion can be performed. According to her, sterilization as a method of birth control should only be used on a woman suffering from "mental retardation." The lecture series also dealt with the issue of overpopulation as one that leads to poverty and emotional illness. Mrs. Leroy Brown, a psychologist also present at the lecture series, stressed that premarital sex must be "carefully considered" and one should only engage in it once one is ready.</text>
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                <text>Reynolds, Elizabeth. "Birth Control Subject of 3 YWCA Lectures". &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; LVIII, no. 12, (December 11, 1970): 3. &lt;a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19701211.2.8&amp;amp;srpos=2&amp;amp;e=--1914---1971--en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19701211.2.8&amp;amp;srpos=2&amp;amp;e=--1914---1971--en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Joshua Kim</text>
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                <text>Article "Black History Month: Campus organizations bringing awareness to the University"</text>
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                <text>Gill, Susan</text>
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                <text>This article published on February 2, 1993, in &lt;em&gt;The Collegian&lt;/em&gt; describes the events revolving around Black History Month at the University of Richmond. The dining hall staff -- composed mostly of racial minorities -- decided on a theme called "Revival of the 60s." The first black student was not allowed to integrate onto the main campus of UR until 1968. According to Kenneth Davis, manager of Food Services, historical memorabilia and posters of black leaders would be posted around the dining hall and meat "representative of the theme" would be served. The performances during Black History Month would be sponsored by the Multicultural Student Union whose president, Camisha Jones, explains how the organization was sponsoring most of the events in collaboration with other student organizations. Delta Sigma Theta member, Nikki Anderson, was also interviewed and explained that the sorority was working the Young Democrats to bring Richmond mayor Walter Kenney to speak at an event.</text>
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                <text>Gill, Susan. "Black History Month: Campus organizations bringing awareness to the University." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 79, no. 16. (February 4, 1993): 11. &lt;a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19930204.2.35&amp;amp;srpos=17&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19930204.2.35&amp;amp;srpos=17&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This article published on October 19, 1989, in &lt;em&gt;The Collegian&lt;/em&gt;, discusses the possible addition of black sororities to the University of Richmond -- Alpha Kappa Alpha, Delta Sigma Theta, Sigma Gamma Rho, and Zeta Phi Beta. According to the article, the Committee on Sororities originally intended for black women to learn and enjoy the same experience as the white women on campus, but soon realized two factors that would make that difficult: First, many white female students coming to the university had previous ties with Sororities on campus through siblings, parents, grandparents, etc. This created an unequal advantage/familiarity with the Greek system for those students over black students. Second, the committee realized that black women needed their own space to share their experiences and bond over being black women. Black students interviewed for this article expressed the need for black sororities on campus not only for themselves, but for white people to learn more about black culture. Karen Young, an ECRSB junior&amp;nbsp;said: "... I have learned a lot about white sororities, what they do and what they stand for...But I also feel that just as I learned, they [white students] should have the opportunity to learn about black sororities." This follows the establishment of the first black fraternity, Phi Beta Sigma, in 1980.</text>
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                <text>McLaughlin, Veronica. "Black sororities may join Greek system." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 76, no. 07. (October 19, 1989): 1. &lt;a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19891019.2.21&amp;amp;srpos=19&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank"&gt;http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19891019.2.21&amp;amp;srpos=19&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Once the faculty approves the proposal to colonize Historically Black Sororities at Westhampton College, the Committee on Sororities will review four different sororities and decide which sorority or sororities to bring to campus. Faculty, staff, and Board of Trustee members stated that after careful consideration of family ties to sororities, financial commitments, and sufficient interest in bringing black sororities to Westhampton College it was time to introduce a new branch to Greek Life. Students shared their opinions on organizations such as Historically Black Sororities and stated that a black sorority encourages a sisterhood encompassed in &amp;ldquo;the bonding [with] women who naturally and culturally go through the same experience.&amp;rdquo; The article ends with the invitation that all women are welcomed to rush, regardless of race.</text>
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                <text>McLaughlin, Veronica. "Black sororities may join Greek system." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 76, no. 7, (October 19, 1989): 1. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19891019.2.21&amp;amp;srpos=135&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19891019.2.21&amp;amp;srpos=135&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Committee on Sororities will review presentations made by Alpha Kappa Alpha, Delta Sigma Theta, Sigma Gamma Rho, and Zeta Phi Beta to determine which two Historically Black Sororities will colonize at the University of Richmond. The question of colonizing Historically Black Sororities was surfaced when white sororities were established but many faculty, administrators, and Board of Trustee members did not think it necessary to further segregate campus. As a proposal was written by minority students in favor for the colonization of black sororities, many individuals took notice and advocated alongside the proposal. Although preparations have started for the installation of Historically Black Sororities, students will not have the opportunity to rush beside historically white sororities because of the delayed and &amp;ldquo;detailed&amp;rdquo; review conducted by the Committee on Sororities. Nevertheless, many believe that the colonization of Historically Black Sororities will, &amp;ldquo;add diversity to campus,&amp;rdquo; and, &amp;ldquo;increase black enrollment,&amp;rdquo; at the University of Richmond.</text>
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                <text>Snellings, Christin. "Black sororities to be reviewed." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 76, no. 8, (October 26, 1989): 2. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19891026.2.23&amp;amp;srpos=137&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19891026.2.23&amp;amp;srpos=137&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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                <text>As efforts to bring historically white sororities to campus surfaced, students approached administrators with questions about Historically Black Sororities. Patricia Harwood, Dean of Westhampton College, discouraged these students citing that &amp;ldquo;the University wanted to promote one big sisterhood&amp;hellip;&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;she wanted them exposed to traditionally white sororities.&amp;rdquo; Despite these hopes, minority students who experienced the rush process first-hand, &amp;ldquo;did not feel that the traditionally white sororities could meet their needs.&amp;rdquo; Westhampton College sophomore, Lynda Taylor, took matters into her own hands by contacting Alpha Kappa Alpha and Delta Sigma Theta, two Historically Black Sororities. Taylor acted as the spokesperson for all minority students who wanted a space in Greek Life.</text>
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                <text>Hoffman, Margot and Mary Fehm. "Black sorority charter sought by students." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 74, no. 14, (January 28, 1988): 6. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19880128.2.25&amp;amp;srpos=103&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19880128.2.25&amp;amp;srpos=103&amp;amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Joy Lim</text>
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                <text>McLaughlin, Veronica</text>
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                <text>The Collegian, University of Richmond</text>
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                <text>The Arts and Science faculty alongside the Dean of Westhampton College, Patricia Harwood, will consider the proposal to bring Historically Black Sororities to Westhampton College. After the third year of rush, the university&amp;rsquo;s efforts to create an all-inclusive environment within historically white sororities is lacking and many minority students have voiced their desires to expand Greek Life. A student proposal will be submitted to the faculty, and once approved, will continue on to the Committee on Sororities which will review which student groups are most interested in colonizing black sororities on campus. The Committee on Sororities will then begin the process of interviewing interested sororities and take charge of all procedures. Aside from Historically Black Sororities, many organizations, such as Women Involved in Living and Learning (WILL) and the Minority Student Union (MSU), are in support of students of color across campus.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53205">
                <text>McLaughlin, Veronica. "Black women seeking own UR sorority." &lt;em&gt;The University of Richmond Collegian&lt;/em&gt; 75, no. 18, (February 23, 1989): 1. &lt;a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19890223.2.3&amp;amp;srpos=124&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank"&gt;https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&amp;amp;d=COL19890223.2.3&amp;amp;srpos=124&amp;amp;e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Student Contributor</name>
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              <text>Alexa Mendieta</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Article "Block That Kick"</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="35824">
                <text>The Wall Street Journal</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1979-04-12</text>
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                <text>This article which appeared in the Wall Street Journal on April 12, 1979 discusses how the law has changed to forbid "sex discrimination in educational institutions that get federal funds." It brings up that the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) has introduced policy that would require schools receiving federal funding to provide proportional funding equal to the number of people participating in athletics. The author writes that, "In other words, it is going to demand 'substantially equal per capita expenditures' - on athletic scholarships, recruitment, equipment and supplies, travel and publicity." The author continues to make an argument that this policy leaves many schools with few options and that "if schools cut too much, they risk hurting their teams' competitiveness and therefore their revenue potential." They write that because women's' participation in college athletics has more than doubled and women make up 26% of the country's intercollegiate athletes, then there is no need for such "drastic measures." Finally, the author ends the article with a claim that there is "something deeper at work here: a drive to see all American institutions governed by the same system of rewards.." They call for HEW to consider different factors before issuing its final guidelines and asks for Congress to do so if HEW does not. This article was sent to University of Richmond President E. Bruce Heilman by Virginia Congressman David E. Satterfield III attached to a letter on April 16, 1979.</text>
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                <text>Athletics</text>
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                <text>College presidents</text>
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                <text>College sports</text>
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                <text>Sex discrimination in higher education</text>
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                <text>United States. Education Amendments of 1972. Title IX</text>
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                <text>United States. Congress. House</text>
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                <text>"Block That Kick", &lt;em&gt;The Wall Street Journal&lt;/em&gt;, 12 April 1979, RG 6.2.5 Box 25 Folder 8B "U.S. Government - Title IX - HEW (1980-1981)", University Archives, Virginia Baptist Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>Richmond (Va.)</text>
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