2 10 19 https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/101006299b4db7fa4a9bb0899abfb832.png 522e8a79db72f209a3dbbd4516c9afd2 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Gabby Kiser Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Article "Students Questioned on Sunday March" Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970-05-15 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) Description An account of the resource After a 1970 march on President George Modlin’s house related to the Vietnam War, Richmond College freshmen Jonathan Lewis and Richard Newman requested to meet with Dr. Modlin “to discuss the problems of the University” only to be admonished by the president after arriving. During the meeting, Modlin called Lewis’s parents to claim that Lewis’s role in the march was “detrimental to the rights of all students” and, further, that their son was “trying to bring the strike movement onto the campus.” Lewis denied these claims. Modlin also claimed “that he might take ‘radical means’ to dissociate the students from the University. The president told the Collegian that the march was illegal and the two freshmen’s roles as leaders in the march “placed them in 'difficulty;’ they would be placed in "serious difficulty" if they participated in any more “disruption.” Lewis, however, was inspired by the event to “speak out strongly on University policies that are oppressing students.” Subject The topic of the resource College students Modlin, George Matthews, 1903-1998 Protests School discipline Student activism Student movements Vietnam War, 1961-1975 Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CollegianLVII.29.1-19700515.png Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Students Questioned on Sunday March." The University of Richmond Collegian LVII, no. 19 (May 15, 1970): 1. <a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&d=COL19700515.2.2&srpos=2&e=--1969---1974--en-20--1--txt-txIN-" target="_blank">https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&d=COL19700515.2.2&srpos=2&e=--1969---1974--en-20--1--txt-txIN-</a> https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/9e00436e185cdc5f8cf27fc02faa7509.png 4f31ddbde4a1ec9e958080ce8792b24f Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Destiny Riley Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Article "US, Asian Violence Stir Protest" Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970-05-08 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va). Description An account of the resource This article discusses University of Richmond students’ concerns regarding the Cambodian crisis and the deaths of four Kent State University students. On May 4, 1970, Ohio National Guard members shot at unarmed college students during a protest against the bombings in Cambodia by the United States military ordered by President Richard Nixon. Four students died. Many students called for a strike as a response to both of these crises. While some faculty believed that prayer would be helpful for the students, others believed that reason and debate would be helpful. Many professors expressed their preference of more “peaceful” tactics as opposed to “senseless violence” in response to these events. Speakers at the rally included Dr. Martin Ryle, freshman Sandy Lorber, Dr. William Smith, Dr. James Hall, Dr. Robert Alley, and RC student government president Woody Traylor. Subject The topic of the resource College students--Attitudes International relations Intervention (Federal government) Kent State Shootings, Kent, Ohio, 1970 Protests Student movements Vietnam War, 1961-1975 Universities and colleges--Faculty Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CollegianLVII.28.1-19700508.png Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “US, Asian Violence Stir Protest.” The University of Richmond Collegian LVII, no. 28, (May 8, 1970): 1. <a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19700508.2.2&e=-------en-20--61--txt-txIN-" target=""_blank">https://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19700508.2.2&e=-------en-20--61--txt-txIN-</a>. https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/1f5ff0c912971ecf85b684e94e08b7f1.pdf 6e61849b0fd6c224ad22d3a033014222 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Contributor Dom Harrington Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Attitude Survey on University Goals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Modlin, George Matthews, 1903-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970-06 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource correspondence surveys(documents) Description An account of the resource President George M. Modlin sent this blank survey to the University of Richmond Board of Trustees with 47 statements and with each of them they were asked to provide their opinion on the present policy and also what they believed the policy should be. Sample statements included: "serve as a center for the preservation of cultural heritage," "protect and facilitate the student's right to advocate direct action of a political or social kind," and "provide a full round of student activities." Subject The topic of the resource College students Higher education Student life Student movements Universities and colleges--Faculty Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context UA6.2.4.17.9.-197006.pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Attitude Survey on University Goals, June 1970, RG 6.2.4. Box 17 Folder 9, University Archives, Virginia Baptist Historical Society. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/04eed823dbcf9ae059262614ad52c607.jpg 5f9e19cbb11fe22631d33c474e1741d6 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Maddy Dunbar Irina Rogova Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-04-29 Description An account of the resource This opinion piece, published on April 29, 1960 is a response to an editorial, "A Crack in the Wall" from a previous issue. This piece responds to a letter that accused the Collegian of, "having set down an irrational opinion without thinking it through." This piece clarifies and reasserts the claims, made by Dr. A. T. Harris from Virginia State College, that black students would avoid protesting if there was "a crack in the wall" of segregation. They also argue that white college students should support the demonstrations made by black students in favor of segregation and assert that these demonstrations are "morally right." The reference to "sit-down demonstrations" likely refers to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Richmond_34" target="_blank">Richmond 34.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Has It Cracked Yet?" The Richmond Collegian XLVII, no. 28, (April 29, 1960): 2. <a href="http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19600429.2.13&srpos=8&e=------196-en-20--1--txt-txIN" target="_blank">http://collegian.richmond.edu/cgi-bin/richmond?a=d&d=COL19600429.2.13&srpos=8&e=------196-en-20--1--txt-txIN</a> Subject The topic of the resource Civil rights movement College students, Black College students, White College students--Attitudes Discrimination Racism Segregation Student movements Universities and colleges--Faculty Virginia State University Title A name given to the resource Opinion "Has It Cracked Yet?" Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RichmondCollegianXLVII.28.2-19600429.jpg https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/2ccd937dbcf7948b2f4de29b2b671282.PNG ea3652e44e53824aef8c9099d4f078de Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Metadata Creator Joy Lim Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opinion "In the future: I predict a riot" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rogers, Michael Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Collegian, University of Richmond Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-03-05 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource newspapers Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) Description An account of the resource Criticism escalates around the issue of student growth and activism as the writer puts faculty and staff to shame. Grassroots movements are applauded but thought of as impossible at the University of Richmond due to administrative control and lack of growth. The greater Richmond community is placed at fault for the platonic take on topics such as sexual diversity, racial diversity, etc. The University of Richmond campus is compared to Stanford’s campus in that they have a Center for Comparative Studies in Race and Ethnicity while we fall short of anything remotely similar. The leadership of the university is criticized harshly for, “demonizing the subjective notion of ‘bias’." Subject The topic of the resource College students Race Race relations Racial awareness Racism Social justice Social life and customs Stereotypes Student life Student movements Student organizations Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Collegian94.43.12-20090305.PNG Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Rogers, Michael. "In the future: I predict a riot." The University of Richmond Collegian 94, no. 43, (March 5, 2009): 12. <a href="https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&d=COL20090305.2.40&srpos=367&e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------" target="_blank">https://collegian.richmond.edu/?a=d&d=COL20090305.2.40&srpos=367&e=--------20--1--txt-txIN-------</a> https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/5afa60d1ee34d687650da6dfcd8b61db.jpg aa0bf5ba1b63dfda640e0221779ef1ad https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/3809e44b52c84dc53d776ee3542c2c47.mp3 01430af67f173ad24ac902f83955a277 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Jisu Song Shira Greer Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Beth Marschak Location The location of the interview Law Clinic Room UR Downtown 626 E Broad St # 100 Richmond, VA 23219 Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound <a href="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/transcripts/MarschakBeth_Song-Greer_Transcript_20190617.pdf" target="_blank">Click here for the transcript file.</a> Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 59:50 Date of Interview June 17, 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Oral History with Beth Marschak (W'72) Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral history Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource interviews Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) Description An account of the resource In this oral history interview, Beth Marschak (W'72) sat down with Jisu Song ('22) and Shira Greer ('22) on June 17, 2019 at University of Richmond Downtown. Over the course of the one hour interview, Marschak talks about growing up in the city of Richmond, being the first in her family to attend college, being a commuter student, majoring in political science, her political involvement on and off campus--including the founding of OWL (Organization for Women's Liberation) and SHAME (Studying and Halting the Assault on Man and Environment) and the anti-Vietnam War movement on campus, a teacher exchange program with Virginia Union University, growing up Southern Baptist, becoming involved in civil rights during high school, her experience as a lesbian both on campus and in Richmond during the 1970s, and what she learned about women's leadership as a student at Westhampton College. Beth Marschak grew up in Richmond and was actively engaged in the social change movements of the 1960’s and 1970’s- Civil Rights, the Women’s Liberation Movement, the Ecology Movement, the Peace Movement, and Lesbian and Gay Liberation. In her early years, she lived in Lakeside, a white working class neighborhood, then her family moved to the far west end. She came out as a lesbian in the early 1970’s, and openly identified as a lesbian in her civil rights and human rights activism. <img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/MarschakBeth_1971-01.jpg" alt="" /> By the time she graduated from Westhampton College, University of Richmond, with a BA in political science in 1972, Beth had already helped to start a women’s group on campus, and a local chapter of the National Women’s Political Caucus. She actively engaged with SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) for many marches and other actions and was an active member of the Woody Guthrie Community Center. She participated in Gay Awareness in Perspective and helped to start Richmond-Lesbian Feminists in 1975. Beth was instrumental in starting a number of coalition efforts including the Virginia Coalition for Lesbian and Gay Rights (VCLGR) and the Richmond Lesbian and Gay Pride Coalition. Starting as a representative of the Lesbian Caucus, Beth served on the National Steering Committee of the National Women’s Political Caucus for 16 years. Here in Richmond, she served on the Board of the Richmond YWCA for 8 years. In 1978, she was appointed by President Jimmy Carter to the International Women’s Year Continuing Committee. And, in 1988, as a Jesse Jackson Delegate, she served as the first “out” Virginia delegate to a national presidential convention. <img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/MarschakBeth_2019-02.jpg" alt="" /> Beth Marschak’s work and advocacy garnered the Richmond Human Rights Coalition Human Rights Award in 1983, and the Richmond YWCA Outstanding Woman of the Year Award in Human Relations in 1990. The Richmond Lesbian and Gay Pride Coalition recognized Beth with awards in 1990, 1993 and 1999. In 2008, Beth co-authored the book Lesbian and Gay Richmond. On November 1, 2008, she conducted the first bus tour featuring the history of the LGBTQ+ community for the Valentine Richmond History Center, where she is a master tour guide. In 2009 Equality Virginia recognized her as one of 20 Outstanding Virginians. Beth has continued as an activist, and participates in Richmond Lesbian-Feminists (which she co-founded in 1975), Southerners on New Ground (SONG), and is on the Board of Diversity Richmond. She recently curated an exhibit at the Diversity Richmond Iridian Gallery: Truthful History Heals, which examined future visions for Monument Avenue, and worked with Ayana Obika as co-chairs of the Diversity Richmond Programs Committee to organize a roundtable community conversation on racism and racial bias in the LGBTQ+ community. Subject The topic of the resource Alumni and alumnae Anti-racism Baptist associations Black people Black theology Civil rights movement College students College students, Black College students, White College students--Attitudes Commuting college students Coordinate college system Curricula Discrimination in higher education Dress codes Feminism Gender roles High school students Homophobia LGBTQ people LGBTQ students Lost Cause ideology Misogyny Politics and government Race relations Racial awareness Racism Richmond (Va.) Richmond Public Schools (Va.) Sexism Social justice Social life and customs Student activism Student life Student movements Student organizations Universities and colleges--Faculty Vietnam War, 1961-1975 Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Union University (Richmond, Va.) Westhampton College White people Women's rights Women college students Women college teachers Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MarschakBeth_Song-Greer_FullInterview_20190617.mp3 Relation A related resource Race & Racism at UR Project Oral History Collection Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (Beth Marschak). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race & Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes. https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/453b70f5821f1ccd76e62ece01d7de33.JPG 6d0b40973b34face1676f7cc91e531a8 https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/40356b06e6250f63c2318b5e414b7446.mp3 95c719b498dc895963855b319519e75b Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Eden Wolfer Rena Xiao Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Rayford L. Harris, Jr. Location The location of the interview Boatwright Memorial Library Seminar Room 2 University of Richmond 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA 23173 Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound <a href="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/transcripts/HarrisRayfordL_Xiao-Wolfer_Transcript_20180701.pdf" target="_blank">Click here for the transcript file.</a> Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 01:41:36 Date of Interview July 1, 2018 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Oral History with Rayford L. Harris, Jr. (R'77) Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral history Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource interviews Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) Description An account of the resource In this oral history interview, Rayford L. Harris, Jr. (R’77) sat down with Rena Xiao (’20) and Eden Wolfer (’20) on July 1, 2018, in Boatwright Memorial Library. Over the course of the one hour and forty minute interview, Harris shares about how he ended up at the University of Richmond via his orthodontist William Tyler Haynes; his first experiences on campus; being one of 12 Black students in his incoming class; interactions with fraternities, the baseball team, and intramural sports; the experience of forming social circles as a commuter student; the organization of the first Black student organization SOBA; the first attempt to bring a Black fraternity (Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc.) to campus; some of the first Black History Weeks at the university; dating and friendships with white women on campus; switching from pre-med to a math major; interactions with other students of color on campus; attending the university during the Vietnam War and the sexual revolution; relationships with staff members; dealing with stereotypes about Black students on campus; his contributions to the university as an alum; reflects on the changes at the university since his time on campus; friendships and interactions with Black women on campus; gives advice to current students of color; his career in the City of Richmond government; and finally shares a story about his father, Rayford L. Harris, Sr., a lifelong friend of civil rights attorney Oliver Hill. <img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/HarrisRayford_1975-01.JPG" alt="" /><<img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/HarrisRayford_1977-01.JPG" alt="" /> Rayford L. Harris, Jr. is a native of Richmond and a proud product of Richmond Public Schools.  He graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School and matriculated at the University of Richmond, Richmond College in the fall of 1973.  After visiting the campus at the insistence of Dr. William Tyler Haynes, his orthodontist, Rayford selected Richmond over Hampton University, Virginia Tech, and the University of Virginia, among others. Starting as a Pre-Med student, he eventually followed his true calling and majored in Mathematics.  During his time at UR, he was on the baseball team and coached by Chuck Boone.  Other activities included intramural basketball and being a member of SOBA – the Student Organization for Black Awareness.  He graduated in 1977 with a Bachelor of Arts.  <img src="https://memory.richmond.edu/files/misc/HarrisRayford_1974-01.JPG" alt="" /> After graduating, there was a brief four-year teaching career with Richmond Public Schools where Rayford taught Mathematics at Henderson Middle School, John Marshall and Maggie Walker High Schools, and the Marshall-Walker (combined) High School.  During that time he also coached Girls’ Basketball, Softball, and Baseball. In 1981, Rayford began a 33-year career with the City of Richmond.  He began as a Programmer Trainee and advanced to Lead Programmer.  He ended the Information Technology part of his tenure as a Lead Systems Developer having been involved with most of the City’s automated systems.  The other half of his City Career was with the Department of Budget and Strategic Planning where he began as a Senior Budget & Management Analyst.  Over the years, he was promoted to Deputy Director and ultimately appointed by Mayor L. Douglas Wilder as the Director of Budget and Strategic Planning.  After serving under a second Mayor, Dwight C. Jones, Rayford retired from the City in December of 2013. After retirement, Rayford served as the CFO for a small Non Profit Agency, Quin Rivers Inc. – A Community Action Agency and “re-retired” June 30, 2019. Other activities include being a CIGNA Mentor, a Spider Club Member, serving on the Boards of the North Richmond YMCA, the RVA Financial Federal Credit Union, the Richmond First Club, and multiple Foundations of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity. Rayford also has a niece who graduated as a Spider in 2017.  They both look forward to sharing the same reunion years that end in 2 and 7. Subject The topic of the resource Alumni and alumnae Athletics Baseball teams Black History Week College athletes College fraternity members College presidents College sports College students, Black College students, Men College students, White College students--Attitudes Commuting college students Curricula Drugs Greek letter societies Hazing Heilman, E. Bruce (Earl Bruce), 1926- Hill, Oliver W., 1907-2007 Race relations Racism Richmond (Va.) Social life and customs Student activism Student life Student movements Student Organization for Black Awareness (SOBA) Student organizations United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps Universities and colleges--Employees Universities and colleges--Faculty Vietnam War, 1961-1975 Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia State University Virginia Union University (Richmond, Va.) Women college students Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HarrisRayfordL_Wolfer-Xiao_Public_20180701.mp3 Relation A related resource Race & Racism at UR Project Oral History Collection Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This oral history is available for academic purposes--including but not limited to research by students, faculty, and staff--by permission from the interviewee (Rayford L. Harris, Jr.). The interviewee maintains the copyright, and must be contacted via the Race & Racism Project (urraceproject@gmail.com) for permissions for use outside of academic purposes. https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/28b711cac074a32cb87b4b05182e8636.jpg 4154085dfff43fdbc501568e26ebc11f Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Contributor Maryam Tahseen Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource President's Report 1971-1972 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Modlin, George Matthews, 1903-1998 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Office of the President, University of Richmond Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource administrative reports Description An account of the resource Due to student protests in 1971, the university set up a policy committee comprised of students, staff, and faculty to streamline the university's disciplinary policies and provide more transparency to students and the university community in terms of their legal rights. The report included a detailed description of penalties for students imposed for various violations to ensure fairness in the future. Subject The topic of the resource College students Student movements Universities and colleges--Faculty Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PresReport.14-1967.jpg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Virginia Baptist Historical Society, President’s Report (1967-1968): 14. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.) https://memory.richmond.edu/files/original/58a2e952fbd80113eaab810f48cfd52f.pdf 9a1bd3fb91bd9af53fa14900d8431977 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Student Contributor Dom Harrington Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Speech "Checks and Balances" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Edmunds, J. Ollie Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970-06-08 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource speeches (documents) Description An account of the resource Dr. J. Ollie Edmunds, a leader in higher education, gave the commencement address, "Checks and Balances" for the Class of 1970. He began his speech by claiming that in the past year and a half, there had been some attacks on the United States Constitution. He compared the democracy of the United States to those of Athens, East Berlin, and Madrid. However, he explained that Athens had transitioned to being a military state. Furthermore, someone Dr. Edmunds met at the University of Athens explained that this happened because college students began complaining and protesting, creating chaos. Dr. Edmunds recounted his visit to East Berlin and asked his guide if Humboldt University ever had student protests, and the guide answered, "You mean like Kent State! No. Soldiers never come on this campus and shoot down students." On May 4, 1970, students at Kent State University were protesting the Vietnam War and the Ohio National Guard killed four students and injured nine students in an effort to suppress this resistance. Having discussed communism in certain European states, he began to close his speech by repeating a question that a Swiss banker asked him, "Will America survive?" and Edmunds went on to ask, "Can democracy still work?" He believed that the violence and riots perpetrated by both right and left extremists would result in an even more repressive government. He also called the graduates to form a "Young People's Lobby" as a productive means for community engagement because every other group including, "the female of our species-God bless them- have their lobby." He spoke disparagingly about the protests occurring around the nation in response to the Vietnam War by referring to them as "silly." Subject The topic of the resource Antisemitism Commencement ceremonies Communism Europeans Kent State Shootings, Kent, Ohio, 1970 Misogyny Student movements Vietnam War, 1961-1975 World War, 1939-1945 Speaker Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context UA6.2.4.3.15.6.-19700608.pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Checks and Balances, 08 June 1970, RG 6.2.4.3 Box 15 Folder 6, University Archives, Virginia Baptist Historical Society. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Va.)